Insurance in 2020

INSURANCE 2020 – THE PATH AHEAD Introduction Insurance is a social device which help the public to transfer the risk which is integrated part of the human life. It’s been years this term called insurance generated. Now one of the most emerging and greening sector in India is insurance. The needs and preference of a customer is changing day by day. The people are more aware about the need for diverting the risk to a third party by taking insurance. They also consider insurance as an investment. Now day’s insurance companies are following certain marketing strategies. It includes understanding needs and preference of the customers by conducting marketing research and customizing the products and services to the benefit of the society. The companies follow different retail and wholesale distribution channels to reach the customers. Agents, Bancassurance, Brokers and others are some of the distribution channels which prevail in the current market. This paper talks about considering the current facts and features of insurance sector in India, what will be the insurance scenario in 2020. It also talks about upcoming marketing strategies and distribution channels in 2020. Objectives of the study †¢ Primary Objectives o Identify the major changes in the Indian insurance sector on a road to 2020 †¢ Secondary Objectives o Analyze the consumer perception of insurance how it can be tackled by the insurance companies in the upcoming future o Identify the future marketing strategies of insurance as a business in 2020 o Identify the distribution channels of insurance in 2020 and how the features are differentiated themselves from the current distribution channels Research Methodology Descriptive research method is followed in this study Change in Indian insurance industry by 2020 Indian insurance is expected to be going through a significant change of 70% as per the survey conducted by IBM insurance 2020 survey 2006. Among the 30 samples taken 30 % states that insurance industry will be having an incremental change of 30 % by the end of 2020. [pic] There are some reasons for saying that the Indian insurance industry will be facing significant change. The customers are living in era of latest technology and advanced services in which customers are treated not as king, he is the god which decides the existence of a company whether it deal with products or services. If the business fails to please their lord i. e. customers then there won’t be any existence for that particular business. Because of the latest technologies strengthening the demand and bargaining power of customers the customers are active and well informed about the services that they can get from the insurance companies. Another reason would be the increasing competition among the players in Indian insurance sector. Each company is trying to get a competitive edge over other companies by giving most importance to the word ‘Innovation’. The companies can’t run their business without innovation because all the businesses believe in ‘survival of the fittest’. And more over the customer wants the companies should predict their needs and preference well in advance and to serve them. Last but not the least people consider insurance as a strategic investment in life or we can put forward like people consider insurance as life time planning which starts from cradle to graveyard. Now it’s time for us to think about the upcoming trend of Indian insurance industry in the coming years. The ultimate users of the insurance services are people. When companies target people for selling or marketing of insurance they will think only think about their demographic characters like age, income, family etc. But classifying the customers as per their demographic characters and social characters may not help the insurance companies to survive for future. Insurance companies need to further classify the people into innovators and non innovators. Innovators are the people who buy the product or service as and when it reaches the market. Innovators are early buyers of the product. Non innovators are late buyers. Now the point to be discussed is what is the relevance of innovators in a service sector like insurance and why people should buy insurance policies or plans as and when it reaches the market. As I mentioned earlier insurance policies are good stage for strategic investments. When a share or a fund of a blue chip companies are announced in the market, people would be demanding those funds even if it is not there in market. In future most of the companies would be designing their insurance plans as a strategic investment plus risk covering plan, so such companies would targeting high growth funds or shares. So when an insurance company launch their new insurance products in market they will be targeting innovators. Another reason for targeting innovators is that the people who are in the category of non innovators would seek the advices from innovators during purchase of services since innovators are opinion leaders in the market. Another important trend that, the insurance sector would be mostly adopted the concept of virtual office in terms of physical presence. The technology is so updated, now it self a consumer can avail the facilities of insurance companies through the use of internet. Another reason for this trend would be increasing the number of insurance companies in the market. This also will pressure the companies to fully adopt the concept of virtual insurance. The insurance companies in 2020 will be targeting a modern value chain which is the collection of process and services that are linked together to create, develop, sell, deliver, process and service an insurance policy over the life of the contract. It would be hard to find the paper documents or trend of e-documents are no longer away from the insurance market in 2020. The insurance products that is going to capture the markets would be rather known as insurance packages which would cover all the risk of a human being in his life time i. e. once if he is taken an insurance plan it will cover all the risk till his death and investment requirements. The insurance products in 2020 would be concentrating on the concept of ‘Just in Time insurance’ as a person moves through set of spaces. Each stage of his life would be consisting different set of spaces. The new insurance package policies would be concentrating this set of spaces in human life. Insurance sector is one of the mostly regulated sectors in India. The economic crisis which struck globally will be forcing the IRDA and other regulatory bodies to come out with more rules and regulations especially in the foreign institutional investments and foreign direct investment. In 2020 the barriers in availing facilities of insurance with in the boundaries of the respected country, would be started to change since the insurance sector itself demands the emergence of a globally accepted standard of global insurance bodies. Another important thing that we can see sometimes before 2020 would the concept of ‘risk – to – opportunity’. Climate change is big question mark for the insurers. We can see a trend of insurer responds to climate change also. Considering the carbon trade and green business development project the insurance sector can’t close its eyes towards the natural environment. The insurance packages that are going to be prevailing in the insurance market will have certain features. It would a socially enabled product which would be designed to market through online word of mouth. It would also concentrate the concept of a mass produced, multi – component pre-packaged one click solutions which will find a gap in the market place. These packages would be allowing plan conversion exchange which would allow people to convert defined contribution assets into income for life through making into annuities. Another important point to be discussed is that considering the latest technologies that is going to be adopted by the insurance scenario in 2020, most of the insurance companies will have direct tie up with software companies for the use of Information Technology [pic] Marketing strategies of Indian insurance sector in 2020 Indian insurance marketing strategies mainly concentrating on the concept of CRM i. e. customer relationship management. Since insurance sector concentrating on the societal and demographic features of customers, future CRM would be all about creating online communities of customers via emerging social media, such as face book, twitter and similar websites. The companies will take initiative to create such communities which will increase the customer handling efficiency of the company. Another strategy that the insurance companies started to adopt is 80:20 principles. It means retaining the customer who contributes to the majority of the business and serving him as the primary customer. Concentrating in the existing customers will help to get business through cross selling and reduction of the acquisition cost of a new customer. Another trend in the marketing strategies adopted by insurance would be based on the concept of ‘being with the customer’. For example if there is an insurance policy for a corporate is being taken, while providing statements and newsletters the insurer include success stories and pictures that people in that particular corporate works. The future climate of insurance will be forced to emerge new distribution marketing strategies. We can see different strategies for each distribution channels. Banks have long established programs and accounts for ‘young savers’, and have made available courses on handling credit for teenagers. In the future insurance arena, a similar program might involve school presentations on the mechanics of risk, or, rather than the typical sponsorships of sports, taking a logical next step with youth organizations. These kinds of steps include activities such as insurance sponsored clubs which will tune the kids mainly in the concepts of risk management and practising safety in their environment where they interact most. One another strategy would be different approaches to people who have different demographic characteristics. For example, old aged customers can be approached with statistical details and promotional campaigns while the younger group prefers the carries like orkut, face book and other online communication devices. The trend show like more and more consumers are increasingly disenchanted with mass marketing and seek individual attention as well as customization of their customer interactions. The next generation of risk management is one where the focus is not on simply mechanizing the processing of data, but on modelling and automating the smart processing of risk information. The upcoming insurance industry is going to take advantage of social technologies in two ways, like first would be empowering the agents to take advantage of social media as their CRM systems. It is the best way to reach the customers with common interests, while the other is connecting with people engaged in similar occupation. Second would be the extreme widening of products and services. Innovative thinking needs to be built in existing products around their social ability and connectivity. The life insurance business has innovated in less obvious ways by combining coverage’s and adding flexibility to standard coverage’s. Life companies need to attack the oft-quoted maxim that ‘life insurance is sold, not bought’ and overcome the negative perceptions that plague this industry. Change in the distribution channel and their features Insurance companies have got different distribution to reach the customers. It would include agents, brokers and Bancassurance. The upcoming trend in case of distribution channel has to be compared with each of these levels. An insurance agent is a person who identifies himself and the insurance company of whom he is an insurance agent. Earlier insurance companies were used this particular distribution channel, they only require people to sell their products. Now days the trend of insurance companies is selecting the agents changed because these are the persons who represent the company in front of the public. By 2020 the concept of virtual office would come into play. And any person named as agent, he would be having information not only about the product, he will be an expert to advise the customer about how to do the strategic investment and investment options etc. The insurance marketplace is undergoing a transformation that may eventually lead to significant changes in how consumers purchase insurance products. A variety of distribution channels are currently used in this market place and some insurers utilize a combination of distribution channels. In terms of Bancassurance when the insurance products are sold as a third party products along with banking products. In the new era it would be in a relation with the banking product which functions jointly. Another important trend that you can expect from the market would the concept of ‘hyper –efficient direct distribution model’. This concept would be working the idea of super low cost of solution. Now days when the insurance companies are using the multiple distribution channels to reach the customers, the cost associated with this purpose is increasing. Because of the non-traditional competitors have much lower distribution costs than insurers, insurers face intense pressure to operate more efficiently. Distribution costs are one of the largest expense items associated with life and annuity policies. In the upcoming years we can see the trend of an emerging hyper – efficient distribution model which works on low cost. Change in consumer perception of insurance Indian consumers have big influence of emotions and rationality in their buying behaviour. There are certain factors which are going to be very crucial in 2020 in terms of buying behaviour of insurance. They are: †¢ Company loyalty †¢ Services quality †¢ Ease of procedures †¢ Satisfaction level †¢ Company Image †¢ Company Client Relationship Initially the Indian insurance sector was in the major hands of LIC. The people didn’t have a second name or second thought to think from where they should take the insurance plan or policy. Now the trend is changing. The main proof of the change is that the monopoly entertained by LIC was started to capture shares by other private companies. The private players are also able to provide the services and they are also able to generate the trust as LIC could create among the mindset of people. The private companies pitch the products in such a way that it was more acceptable to the customers. For example, One of the promotional objectives designed was to create a feel good factor around retirement and change customers’ perception of retirement as a mark of old age and loss of financial independence. Today’s behavioural patterns are different rather than the traditional ones, but still predictable. The concept of predictive analytics as applied to consumer behaviour follows reaction to control triggers (like marketing campaigns) and thus allows companies to manage their customer portfolio into an optimal spread on a value/ loyalty matrix. The consumers are expecting an insurance product/service like a direct sale of mid market lifetime income solution with a lower premium which also helps to invest for future purpose. Challenges of Indian Insurance Sector on a road towards 2020 One of the big challenges that are going to be faced by 2020 would be estimating local market potential for insurance products is continual challenge for the insurance industry. One solution for this big challenge would the concept of ‘insurance CLOUT’. Based on the actual purchase patterns, the idea like insurance CLOUT provides the most reliable local estimates for all type of insurance products and includes key detailed information like household counts, policy deductibles and premiums. Insurance CLOUT includes both current year estimates and five year projections for all of the data provided. Insurance CLOUT helps you to focus the marketing strategies of a business. It’s an indispensable tool for numerous marketing applications like †¢ Allocating market dollars against market potential †¢ Estimating potential for specific products within local markets †¢ Identifying high opportunity areas †¢ Measuring agency performance relative to market potential This idea also helps to assess the key market potential data for insurance companies. Conclusion The study was trying to give some information about the picture of insurance preferences and features in 2020. It identifies the factors that are going to be very crucial in terms of consumer buying behaviour with respect to insurance. The marketing strategies and distribution channels are also tried to portray considering the big limitation of the uncertainty of future. The study states that as time passes insurance sector in India will be undergoing through changes which can be giving a new face for the Indian insurance sector in 2020. As the insurance industry will be facing difficulties along with the rest of its financial services brethren to operate in the current global recession, it must consider the actual value of true innovation. No insurance business can’t exist in business in the upcoming future with out innovation. Innovation can come in the form of modified process, new business models, distribution channels and simple organizational changes. Innovation with out knowing the consumer buying behaviour would be fruitful. Creating innovative products like energy savings insurance, innovative renewable energy project insurance products, green building insurance and insurance for developing world (Micro insurance) would help the insurance companies to smoothen their road towards 2020. In the upcoming trend of insurance will be focusing on ‘pay as you live and active risk management in which active risk management means where proactive actions are taken to reduce total impact of risk. REFERENCES: †¢ Insurance 2020 – Insurance beyond old models by IBM †¢ Ceres report ‘From risk to opportunity’ 2008 by Evan mills [pic]

Diffrenece Between Hypothesis and Theory

TOK essay Difference between scientific law, theory and hypothesis 551 words In the world were living in nowadays people, groups or even some nations each has a different way of thinking. That’s why opinions were created and people could have different prospectives and different ideas were developed all over the past centuries. That variation of ideas, prospective and ways of thinking had lead into the creation for methods for proving something as an idea an experiment a suggestion, and others.This essay would be discussing those ways and their differences. Firstly, the first thing that leads into an opinion or way of seeing something is setting up your hypothesis, hypothesis is an educated guess based upon observation for a certain matter. It is an explanation of a single event or something based on what is observed not deeply observed but just observed, and it also has not been proved yet. Most hypotheses can be supported or disproved by experiment or a deep observation.Some examples of hypothesis are, when an apple is put in the wind and sun it will rot, this is a simple example it’s based on what’s observed as when an apple is put in the sun it would rot but no further scientific explanation is given. After a hypothesis is set based on really weak and shallow observations it must be tested for that opinion or idea to be true it must be tested and observed scientifically and not only once it must be tried and observed a number of times, that what develops a theory and obeys scientific laws, a scientific law is a statement of fact that explains a certain matter or different action or habits.It is generally accepted to be true and universal and can be proved and tested widely and sometimes they could be written as mathematical equations. Scientific laws must be simple, true and universal. Going back to a theory it is noted as more like a scientific law than a hypothesis. It is an explanation and prove for your hypothesis and sets of relate d observations or events based upon proven hypotheses and verified multiple times. A theory could hold on a definition as it is the way people could know this certain idea or issue is true by repeated xperiments whom tern a hypothesis into a theory or it just keeps it a hypothesis untested. Some examples of scientific laws are some physics and maths rules as Newton's laws of motion, law of gravity, the laws of thermodynamics and other physics laws whom are proved and tested that’s why they turn into a scientific law. Sometimes some laws can turn to theories as the law of gravity and gravitational forces, as it could go more general to be turned into a theory.The biggest difference between a law and a theory is that a theory is much more complex and dynamic. A law runs a single action, whereas a theory explains an entire group of related matters and phenomenas. That’s what differs an experimented hypothesis whether it turns into a theory or it is more specified so it tu rns to be a law, an example of a theory is automobiles Components of it can be changed or improved upon and more things invented in it, without changing the overall truth of the theory as a whole that it is an automobile.

Trial of Henry Kissinger

Amanda LakeyInternational Relations Book Review 18 April 2012 Kissinger’s Offenses The book the Trial of Henry Kissinger was written by Christopher Hitchens, a political opponent of Henry Kissinger. He is considered to be a pretty controversial figure because of his confrontational type of debate. He is considered a political observer, polecemist, and a self-proclaimed left -winged radical. He can be remembered for being a critic of Henry Kissinger, Mother Theresa and Bill Clinton.The Trial of Henry Kissinger took a long time for the author to write because he collected a lot of incriminating evidence to help bring out the wrongdoings Kissinger has done during his political career. The book focuses on Hitchens’s examination of the evidence of Henry Kissinger’s supposed war crimes. Hitchens thinks that Kissinger deserves prosecution â€Å"for war crimes against humanity, and for offenses against common or customary or international law, including conspiracy to co mmit murder, kidnap, and torture† ( Hitchens 2).To the author, Henry Kissinger is just a great liar who seems to have an amazing memory. According to Hitchens, Kissinger may be connected to war casualties in Vietnam, massacres in Bangladesh, planning murder in Chile when the US was not at war with them, involvement in the murder of the head of state of Cyprus, enabling a genocide in East Timor and kidnapping and murdering a journalist from Washington DC. The logic in which the author uses appears to be pretty persuasive to the reader. It is difficult to argue with one who uses such solid support in his opinions.This book seems more like pure fact than just what the author thinks. If I were to have read thinking Henry Kissinger was innocent, afterwards I would start to think that he should be charged for the things he did. I think many Americans are not aware of the kinds of secrets acts that happen within the political system. This is an eye opener for many citizens; one shoul d not get away with committing a crime, even if he has a lot of power. One of the main events the book focuses on is Kissinger’s involvement with the bombing of Cambodia.The bombing of Cambodia would need approval from congress before it could occur. Unfortunately, Nixon and Kissinger never tried to get approval and went ahead with the plan anyways. They would try to hide these happenings from society. The bombing of Cambodia actually took place for about fourteen months, and â€Å"as a result of the expanded and intensified bombing campaigns, It has been estimated that as many as 350,000 civilians in Laos, and 600,000 in Cambodia, lost their lives† (Hitchens 35).These events were leaked into the newspaper by American journalists, and Kissinger tried to find those responsible by wire-tapping phones. Another one of the events that took place is Kissinger’s involvement with the Vietnamese War. During the 1968 Paris peace talks, Kissinger came into the discussion a nd said that â€Å"he thinks any pullout next year would be a serious mistake†¦ he favored a continued winding down and then a pull out†¦ so it is too late to affect the election† (Hitchens 19). Kissinger was having secret meetings with the North Vietnamese, specifically the negotiator Le Duc Tho.He was hiding these meetings from the rest of the governments officials who should have been involved. These peace talks ended up being futile, but they did help him gain more of a reputation with Nixon. Nixon was not happy with the way the Vietnamese War was turning out, so he decided to invade the neutral countries of Cambodia and Laos; this resulted in one million deaths in Cambodia and 350 thousand deaths in Laos. Even after everything that occurred, Henry Kissinger signed a peace treaty with Le Duck Tho in 1973. The two of then were then awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.Henry Kissinger was one of the people who helped start the war, and he is also the person who helped fi nish it: â€Å"It took Henry Kissinger to ensure that a war of atrocity, which he had helped to prolong, should end just as furtively and ignominiously as it had began† (Hitchens 20). According to Hitchens, there is a Vietnam Veterans’ Memorial in which the names are listed by date, not alphabetically: â€Å"The first few names appear in 1954, and the last few in 1965† (20). A majority of the American population would not know that we went into Vietnam as early or as late as the memorial claims.The author also talks about Kissinger’s role in Bangladesh. Kissinger supported Pakistan in the Liberation of Bangladesh in 1971. He wanted to show China how useful the United States can be when it comes to tactical alliance so they would side with America and oppose the USSR. Kissinger helped support the extermination of many Bengalis: â€Å"Kissinger had received some very bad and even mocking press for his handling of the Bangladesh crisis, and it had somewhat spoiled his supposedly finest hour in China† (Hitchens 50).The Nixon Administration also was involved in a controversial military coup in Chile. Nixon had given the CIA permission to hold a military coup in order to prevent Salvador Allende’s inauguration. Allende was said to have ties with communist countries, which is something that caused the United State’s to have a rocky relationship with Chile. In 1973, the military coup caused the death of the Chilean leader. After this happened, Augusto Pinochet took control of Chile and began to bring a reign of terror to the country. Two cases were filed against Kissinger and dismissed during these times.He was blamed for being involved in the military coup and disregarding those civilian’s and their family’s lives when he encouraged the Chilean repressive regime. The Trial of Henry Kissinger is one of the more recent books written in 2002 about the wrongdoings of Henry Kissinger, but other books were prev iously written before this time. One of the books is called the Price of Power written by Seymour M. Hursh in 1983. The other book is called Sideshow written by William Shawcross in 1979. There was obviously a great time span between these two books and the most current one, but they all seem to have the same idea.They all seem to discuss Kissinger’s involvement with the Nixon Administration and try to charge him as a war criminal. The other books seem to focus on the topic of Cambodia the most, but the Trial of Henry Kissinger seems to discuss more circumstances for which Nixon should be charged for. The Slideshow seemed to think that Cambodia was one of the biggest crimes Kissinger and President Nixon committed: â€Å"Neither the United States nor its friends nor those who are caught helplessly in its embrace are well served when its leaders act, as Nixon and Kissinger acted, without care.Cambodia was not a mistake; it was a crime† ( Shawcross 396). According to the book the Price of Power Nixon and Kissinger both appear to be in denial that any of the occurrences were their fault: â€Å"Kissinger and Nixon would repeatedly claim that the failures in South Vietnam and Cambodia were not their responsibility but the fault of Congress, which had cut off funding for the war† (Hursch 640). The book the Trial of Henry Kissinger is able to expand on these arguments more by giving solid evidence.One of Nixon’s associates who worked alongside Kissinger claimed that if the plan for Cambodia did not work then Henry would get in trouble: â€Å"Kissinger was caught between the views of his staff- several of whom resigned in protest when the invasion began- and the need to please the President† ( Hitchens 28). Compared to the other books that has been written about Kissinger, I think the Trial of Henry Kissinger is the most helpful and informative, but because of the use of excerpts from government documents and memorandums, it can be a little difficult to read.I also feel the author did not use enough counter arguments when he wrote the book. I feel like this is supposed to be an argumentative book in which the author tries to sway the reader to agree with his side. I think there is enough evidence to back up the authors claims, but the book would be even more believable had he tried to bring in opposing arguments and prove them wrong this way, there would be no arguing that Kissinger did do something wrong. All in all, I think this book is very useful for people to learn about Henry Kissinger.To be honest, before coming into this class, I had never heard anything about him or the terrible things he was involved in. I think this book gives good background information in order to show the reader what kind of person Kissinger is and why he should be treated like a criminal. Because there was so much evidence from government documents used in the book, I have almost no arguments against the author’s claims. Re ferences Hitechens, Christopher. Trial of Henry Kissinger. Verso, New York. 2001. Print. Hursch, M Seymour. The Price of Power. 1983. Print. Shawcross, William. Sideshow. 1979. Print.

Groupwork Tools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Groupwork Tools - Essay Example The important aspects or tools through which the productivity of team work is affected are numerous. Therefore, to accomplish utmost efficiency, group or any team work requires certain tools to enhance the chances of accomplishing targets. Working effectively in a group involves few basic and compulsory steps which include introduction, looking for similarities with any group member, listening intently to others, praising others, taking turns, honesty, invisible support to others, avoiding arguments and conflicts, pleasantly providing alternatives for suggested ideas by other member so to put it more optimistically, promoting humor, showing courtesy and frankness if need be, giving opportunity to new and young members to share their ideas and put all the ideas in writing without missing important suggestions, being generous to share ideas with a group and appreciate them on uniqueness brought by them and finally shared decision making (Pausch, 1998). The more positive attitude and energy prevail in a group, the maximum creativity and productivity can be attained from a group work (Sawyer, 2012). The problems which can be faced by any group member are due to the apathetic attitude of other group members, which directly affects the learning process and, hence, an individual is unable to bring his share of productivity in it (Clark, 2003). Often, many abilities aren’t recognized unless a person indulges himself in a group activity which supports and shines out the ability in him (Douglas, 2000). Therefore, aloof and tactless behavior hinders the learning and developing process of other group members and decreases the chance of attaining shared vision. Absence of cooperative and collaborative approach dwindles the interest of others and, hence, reduces the chance of learning experience or recognition of one’s hidden potential (Brody, 1998). If a team member is unaware of the group

Infatuation versus love Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Infatuation versus love - Essay Example It is believed that infatuation is a feeling that is not long lasting and keeps on decreasing with time whereas love on the other hand keeps on increasing with time and the emotional bond keeps on strengthening with the passage of time (Wheat et al 1980). Love and infatuation are both characterized by the want to engage with your loved one but they have possess different aspects. It is analyzed by sociologists that infatuation is basically a path that leads to love. It is considered to be the first step towards falling in love. Infatuation is an emotion where a person becomes occupied with the thoughts of the person that he admires. It is believed that infatuation is determined more from the physical outlook of the admired person rather than the character and the personality of the person. It is considered to be a constellation of emotions for the person being loved with respect to extreme intimate desire and obsession. It is argued that infatuation is basically an immature feeling a nd aspect of love. It tends to be away from the real world and a person stays in a different preoccupied world neglecting many realities. It is believed that infatuation is directed more towards all the good aspects of the person who is liked and it does not tend to see the person as a whole with all his negativities (Cox 2005).

Human rights studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human rights studies - Essay Example It also provides that every person has the right to highest attainable standard of health; and the right to clean and safe water in adequate quantities. As may be seen, Dole Food Company opted to use Nemagon, a banned pesticide, was not only illegal but also immoral. In the case study, it emerges that the company knew that the pesticide was known to cause sterility, yet it went a way to use the pesticide. By so doing, the company can be seen to have intentionally been blind to the kind of harm which they were exposing their workers. As a registered company, it is assumed that the company knew the provisions in the UN charter on human rights and intentionally failed to observe it. For instance, it is the fact that the company used the harmful pesticide and still expected human labor to interact in the environment that had such chemicals was a violation of UN charter that everyone has a right to reasonable working environment. There was the option of using an alternative pesticide that would not have put the workers’ health at risk but the company avoided taking that direction. Another violation of human rights was that by using Nemagon, the company failed to protect the community’s right to healthy environment. The pesticide used has been observed to have left traces everywhere, especially on land and in water. The result is that people and animals are equally affected and it is estimated that the effects may last in the soil for as long as 200 years. As a result, suckling mothers have indicated signs of infection by the pesticides to levels as high as 700 times. I every essence, the use of Nemagon as the company’s pesticide is a gross violation of human rights. How can you justify the existence of human rights? The existence of human rights has been justified on various grounds though the common denominator always points to promotion of equity, justice and healthy living. It is usually a concept of universality that by the mere fact that on e is born a human, then the person must be granted certain level of protection that will ensure his/her survival (Orend p. 16). Orend argues that it is not just for one to violate others’ rights and retain his. His argument seems to highlight the need for people to realize that as much as they have been allowed to enjoy their human rights, so is it their noble duty to also allow others enjoy such rights (Orend p. 38). This applies to the above case where the management of the company should have also considered letting the Nicaraguan banana farm worker enjoy their right to a clean environment. This is something that should be observed not just because the law provides it so, because the law is a just a guideline anyway, but on the basis that human life is worth protection from harm. The existence of human rights is therefore also seen to be anchored on ethics of utilitarianism and consequentialism (Mill, 2012, p. 39). It widely seen that the consequences of certain actions wo uld degrade life, and because the actors motives cannot be predetermined, existence of human rights is enshrined to prevent such unforeseen eventualities of what is probable if a contrary path is taken. The basis of philosophy of law is anchored on such foundation (Aquinas and McDermott, 2008, p. 87). According to Raymond Wacks, the existence of human rights can be justified on basis of duty (Wacks, P. 55). Wacks observes that although human rights may also be justified on the basis of duty, it is not all the time that when one has a duty over

Mass marketing and Targeted marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mass marketing and Targeted marketing - Essay Example It includes Radio, Television, Newspapers and even the internet. According to Jakacki (2001), some of the products that are suited for this marketing strategy include drinking juice, furniture, automobiles as well as mobile phones. An example of a company that has used this strategy with a good measure of success is Coca Cola. Other food manufactures such as Nestle and electronics giants like Sony have also used this strategy to reach a world wide market. The major advantage of this strategy is economies of scale since production is in large quantities. At the other opposite end of mass marketing is targeted marketing or better still Niche marketing. Targeted marketing is aimed at a given market segment. A segment in this case may be a given geographic area, demographic profile such as the youth or behavioral segment based on variables such as income status or level of brand loyalty. There has been a shift from mass marketing to targeted marketing occasioned by a number of factors. Changing consumer patterns, the need to position products differently from competitors and the importance of being an expert in a given area. Jakacki (2001) says that today's consumers have diverse needs. For instance there is a segment that is keen on losing weight, and another one which wants to avoid sugar. This has led to the emergence of products such as Coke diet to cater for this unique segment. At the same time intense competition has led companies to produce products that are unique to a given segment hence setting the product significantly apart from those of the competitor. A phone company will therefore manufacture mobile phones with a music player in order to tap the youth market. This makes their products unique and leads to more sales in the specific market segment. The shift to targeted marketing can also be attributed to the fact that emphasis on one area makes you an expert in that particular field. A company is more likely to stand out from the crowd if only it is viewed as an expert in a given area by the consumer. For instance a food manufacturing company may get more mileage if it concentrates its effort in the manufacture of baby products only. Since it is the expert in this field then a good number of mothers are likely to buy its products. Using practical examples, explain how an integrated marketing communications strategy might enable marketers to more effectively reach target customers Integrated marketing communication is a new approach in marketing that is aimed at blending all marketing communication efforts of a company. (Moschis 1994) The ultimate goal is to make the various communication tools used by a company to compliment each other rather than work in isolation. It is based on the idea that the combined effect of the various communication tools is way much better than the sum of their individual effects. This helps in creating synergy in the company's communication effort. Moschis (1994) points out that a company can reach its customers using a number of communication tools. It can be through advertising, sales promotion or direct marketing. Now, integrated marketing communication aims at integrating all these tools so as to reach the

Identifying Stakeholders and Developing Charter Essay

Identifying Stakeholders and Developing Charter - Essay Example This essay stresses that organizational structure has a very deep impact on the project management and PM decision making process this also includes the company’s size and its business requirements. The organization functioning horizontally or vertically the organizational structure is used to uphold and mange the resources, time line, expenditure, and quality/performance. Three organizational structures are utilized by the by the PM are functional, matrix, and projectized. the PM process impacted though the company’s culture. The corporate culture defines the character of the organization. If we analyze the company’s culture then we will able to find out that it includes of the norms, assumptions, values and concrete signs of business members and their behaviors. The company’s culture determines a company’s managerial actions, performance, image, and policies, also having impact on the operational programs of the PM practice. In this report the author has discussed the main stakeholders of this project. He has utilized different project stakeholder identification and classification techniques of this project. He has also mentioned the criteria for the call of meeting for this project. During the analysis He has found different potential conflict that the author of the report has mentioned in the last section. He has tried to address each aspect of the under-discussion factor, so that we can have a better and clear view of the overall project.

Difference and Similarities between Warhol's Films and Art Essay

Difference and Similarities between Warhol's Films and Art - Essay Example The paper "Difference and Similarities between Warhol's Films and Art" discusses Andy Warhol's films and art. As told earlier, Andy’s films quite went against the rules of movie making the Classical Hollywood Cinema especially. He produced films that were characterized by boring long sequences that lacked a change in image or focus. His films did not have a clear path like usual films; he made use of sloppy camera work, and the sound was far from better. In addition, his films had superstars acting with exaggerated gestures and sense of clumsiness. This is contrary to his visual paintings that done distinctly by experimenting with different contexts and colors. Unlike his films where he could repetitively focus on one image and subject, his pop art dealt with subjects that ranged from the everyday mundane objects such as â€Å"Campbell’s Soup Cans† to celebrities such as â€Å"Marilyn Monroe.† It is also important to note that his artwork embraced the use of cartoons for his subjects. Warhol’s art was also characterized by creativity and mass-produced, unlike his films, which hardly got any creativity. One of his films, Sleep produced in 1963 provides a clear picture of his filmmaking characteristics. The film was comprised of one continuous shot of Warhol’s close friend John Giorno depicting his as sleeping for 8 hours. It is critical to note, however, that the shooting took only twenty minutes with the rest of the film being characterized by repetitions of the film’s opening sequence and silkscreen pictures.

Christian Commission Essay Example for Free

Christian Commission Essay The foregoing discussion showed that during the civil war women served in many capacities. They helped in the war effort even though they only stayed at home by knitting socks and sewing shirts and uniforms; they organized themselves in order to raise funds for the war chest; they acted as medics and field nurses; and some of them, who proved as brave if not braver than the others, literally risked their lives by playing the dangerous game of espionage. However, their participation in the war did not stop there. They defied the law in both the North and the South which prohibited women to join the army as fighting soldiers by posing as men. Both the Union and the Confederate armies were duped into drafting women disguised as men. Although most of them were probably propelled by extreme patriotism, it turned out that many joined the army for other, more personal reasons. One of the most notable women soldiers in the Union army was Sarah Emma Edmonds. Sarah joined the army as a volunteer in Michigan, where she enlisted as a man by the name of Franklin Thompson. (Lewis, 2007) She later served with the 2nd Michigan Infantry for a couple of years. It was reported that there were times when she had to act as a spy disguised either as a black man or as a ‘woman. ’(Hall, n. d. ) She was reported to have seen action in the â€Å"Battle of Blackburn’s Ford, the Peninsular Campaign, Antietam, and Fredericksburg. † According some accounts, she later deserted and became a nurse with the â€Å"U. S. Christian Commission. † (Lewis, 2007) However, there were reports that she voluntarily left the army after contracting malaria and feared that she would be found out if she would submit for treatment. (CivilWarStudies. org, n. d. ) Her application for a veteran’s pension which was approved in 1884 was given under the name Sarah E. E. Seelye, her married name. (Lewis, 2007) She was later named to the â€Å"Grand Army of the Republic,† the lone female to have been so named. (Hall, n. d. ) Another interesting story was that of Malinda Blalock. In her desire to be with her husband, William Mckesson Blalock (known as Keith to friends), she pretended to be William’s brother, Samuel. She then joined F Company of the â€Å"26th North Carolina Infantry† where Keith was also serving. Malinda was a Confederate by heart while Keith was a dyed-in-the-wool â€Å"Lincolnite† and was loyal to the Union cause. Although Keith was pressured by his family and fiends into joining the Confederate Army, he was always entertaining thoughts of deserting as soon as an opportunity presented itself. Malinda, despite being a loyal Confederate subject, was prepared to desert with him anytime. (Hall, n. d. ) However, the opportunity for desertion not having presented itself, the couple fought alongside each other under the Confederate flag (in a total of three battles) until March 1862 when Malinda sustained a shoulder wound. Afraid that they would be separated as soon as it was known that Malinda was a woman and forced out of the unit, Keith covered himself with poison oak to develop skin blisters and high fever. Fearing a case of small pox, the company doctor decided to discharge him for medical reason. The couple left Company F together on April 20, 1862 and went home to the â€Å"mountains of western North Carolina† to rest. The risk of recall to duty remained for Keith, however. So what the two did was hide in the mountains and turned Union guerillas, operating in the mountainous areas of East Tennessee and western North Carolina. Keith and Malinda later functioned as scouts attached to the â€Å"10th Michigan Cavalry. † (Halls, n. d. ) There was also a case involving a 19-year-old immigrant from Ireland. He gave the name Albert D. J. Cashier when he signed up with the 95th Illinois Infantry on August 3, 1862. He was said to have participated in about forty major and minor battles until August 17, 1865. After his stint with the Union army, he found employment as an ordinary laborer and ultimately received a pension. He later lived in a Soldier’s Home located in Quincy, Illinois where, in 1913, he was eventually discovered by a home surgeon that he was actually a she. Albert D. J. Cashier’s being a woman made the headlines. Nobody who knew her during her whole adult life ever suspected that she was in reality a woman. On October 11, 1914, Cashier died in an asylum for the mentally ill. (Blanton, 1993)

Identity as citizenship and the human rights

Identity as citizenship and the human rights This essay will be discussing about one of the three types of Bruneis citizenship. Brunei citizenship is divided into three categories. It is categorise by color which are yellow, purple and green and these color will be the color of the identity card hold by each of Brunei citizenships according to which citizenship they are categorised. In Brunei Darussalam, different identity card holder will get different specialty offered by the Bruneis government because in Brunei Darussalam, Brunei government is responsible for its citizen welfare. Specialty means welfare in terms of education, health care and job offer. The welfare given is different from one identity card holder to another. IDENTITY AS CITIZENSHIP AND THE HUMAN RIGHTS The focus of this essay will be on the purple card holder and my focal point is on students. The issue will be discuss after I elaborate the details of the purple citizenship status and their human rights in their stay in Brunei Darussalam. The purple card holder is for a citizen who came into Brunei Darussalam and married to a Brunei woman. This citizenship will also descent to their children if the father are not a local Bruneian. The child whose father holding the purple citizenship is categorise the same as their fathers citizenship even though they are born in Brunei. Purple card citizenship can also be given to people who plan to live permanently in Brunei Darussalam. The specialty given to the purple citizenship is different from what is given to the yellow card citizenship. Yellow citizenship is the pure citizenship which is called as local people. There is another citizenship status in Brunei which is a green card holder which will not be include in this discussion but the b est description is this type of citizenship is for temporary foreign worker who work in Brunei with two years renewable visa. The local people are the community who are given the specialty from the government in terms of education, health care and job offer. Local students are given scholarship for education. They do not have to pay anything for their primary school and secondary school even texts books are provided without any expense demands. Unlike the purple card citizenship, although they are born in Brunei they have to pay the school fees. The school fee is paid monthly and the cost will be increasing as they went to a higher level of education. Regarding health care, people with purple citizenship have to pay the amount of BND$30 for every prescription unlike the local citizenship which is the yellow card holder they only paying an amount of BND$1 for their prescription. They also have to pay for their stay if they were admitted in the hospital while local people pay nothing. Other than that, the purple card holder also cannot work as a government staff only until they get their yellow citizenship. The issue that questions this situation is why as a permanent citizenship (purple card holder) do not get the government specialty even though they have been staying in Brunei permanently and even some of them are born in Brunei. In Brunei if a local resident (yellow card holder) students applying for university they have to have an outstanding result in order to get a scholarship. If they are qualified with their result they will continue their study to the university and they will be given monthly allowance by the government. Unlike the purple citizenship, even though they get an outstanding result but they cannot enter the university by scholarship. They have to pay the school fee which is at the amount of BND$4000 per semester and this will cost them an overall of BND$24,000 for the whole degree course which took four years to be completed. As of the different welfare, occur some cases in Brunei where some parents did not afford to pay their childrens school fee and despondently their children are categorise as a very outstanding student in school. Sometime the students have to quit even at their early primary or secondary school because they could not continue their study due to financial matter. What makes it as a fair decision to differentiate a student with foreign father to pay for their education but they have been in Brunei since they born and are not going to another place to stay and grow other than in Brunei. If the government let them get the same benefit as the local resident will that harm the government in any way? This is the question which really needs a clear explanation especially for those who faced this situation. The children are considered as Brunei asset but why they have to be treated like foreigner. If the government cannot make any change to this children welfare who else can support their future. If the government cannot overcome this situation what will happen in the future if the number of unemployment is increasing. This would trouble the country and even adverse the future of Brunei because of the regardless of some outstanding asset. Below are the law and regulations of Brunei Government for applying the yellow card citizenship as stated in Brunei National Registry Members Section.  Available: http://www.imigresen.gov.bn.html. Last accessed 19th Jannuary 2011. The yellow card citizenship are recognise as the people of His Royal Highness Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam. Only this people are eligible to get the welfare specialty given by the government. So in order to get the entire welfare from the government the resident with purple card holder can apply to change their purple card to yellow by the following regulations. ABSOLUTE EFFECTIVE BY THE LAW (CHAPTER 4 OF THE NATIONAL STANDARD OF BRUNEI) Application Requirements Status as a people of His Royal Highness Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam: 1 Section is recognized as the Peoples Representatives of His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam. 2 Assign legally in the country while the application is made. REGISTRATION BY [Chapter 5 (1), 6 (1) and 8 (1) OF THE NATIONAL STANDARD OF BRUNEI] CHAPTER 5 (1) THE APPLICANT IS BORN IN STATE Requirements for Applying for Status as the People of His Royal Highness Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam: The applicant has reached 18 years when the application is made The applicant is recognized as permanent residents to have Entry Permit / Residence Permit for 12 years from the date of issue Resided continuously in the country for 2 years prior to application Qualifications to people of His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam: Good behavior (to be reviewed by the parties concerned) Malay Language Examination Citizenship Status should divest Origin Obedience Oath lift Seta (after obtaining consent of His Gracious Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam. CHAPTER 6 (1) APPLICATION STATUS BY FATHER / MOTHER / PARENTS lift CITIZENS OF BRUNEI Application Requirements Status as a people of His Royal Highness Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam The applicant is under 18 years old when the application is made Father / Mother / Parent Adoption is recognized as a people of His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam Legally residing in Brunei Darussalam during the application is made. Eligibility To be people of His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam Good behavior (to be reviewed by the parties concerned) Shall deprive Kewarganegraan Original Status CHAPTER 8 (1) THE APPLICANT IS BORN ABROAD Application Requirements Status as a people of His Royal Highness Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam The applicant is under 18 years old when the application is made The application is recognized as permanent residents with Entry Permit / Residence Permit for 20 years from the date of issue Resided continuously in the country for 2 years prior to application. Eligibility To be people of His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam Good behavior (to be reviewed by the parties concerned) Passed the Malay Language Shall deprive Kewarganegraan Original Status Faithful Obedience Oath lift (after getting Perkenaan His Gracious Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam) As the regulation stated in the law of Department Of Immigration and National Registration Ministry of Domestic Affair Brunei it shows that it is applicable to be the people of His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam as long as they are qualified according to the law and regulation of National regulation. Somehow what can be seen from the regulation is it took a very long time for a purple card citizen to become and even apply the yellow citizenship. It is at some points wasting their time waiting and also wasting their money to spend on expense demand as a purple citizenship while at the end they will still to be recognized as a yellow citizenship. Therefore in this case time is really matter because through time it shows how much we spend for the expense demand and we could thing how worth it is to spend that amount of money just to go through that time estimation stated in the regulation. What if within the time the students are not be able to continue their study just because they cannot afford to pay the fees and after a long time when they get the yellow citizenship but at that time it is already impossible for them to continue their study because of their age factor. In Brunei there is school regulation where only certain age can enter certain level of education as stated in Education System.  Available: http://www.moe.edu.bn. Last accessed 15th Jannuary 2011. If they could not continue their study just because of this matter then who are to be blame and who are to be responsible for their future. According to regulation on chapter 5(1) for applicants who born in Brunei. They can only apply the yellow citizenship if the y reach their age of 18 years old. But if we think about this prudently why do the parents have to pay for their education until they reach their age of 18 years old and then after that they are conform to be a local citizenship. This is a waste of money. Of course in terms of future it is sometimes under the responsibilities of their parents. But what if the father earns low income just because he cannot work with the government. The government cannot offer any job and he has to work at private sector with low salary because he is still waiting for the yellow citizenship and he could not get the job offer by the government since he is still holding the purple citizenship. This will affect the future of their child especially when they have number of children to depend on them. As stated in Job Vacancy.  Available: http://www.pelitabrunei.gov.bn. Last accessed 19th Jannuary 2011 which is showing the conditions for applying government job as below: General Conditions: The applicants of the people of His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam. The applicant knowledge of kerasmian religion, customs, culture, social development, economics and politics of Brunei Darussalam. Willing to work anytime outside normal working hours on working on a rotation basis (shift) or during public holidays and also be willing to serve in any district in the country. In order for a child to rely on their fathers citizenship as stated in the regulation chapter 6(1) the father has to have a permit of 20 years as a purple citizenship (permanent citizenship) and the child must not yet reach the age of 18. Lets say the father has not reach the estimation time staying in Brunei for 20 years and the child are already eligible to apply the yellow citizenship, this would delayed the child from making the application for the yellow citizenship until they reach their age of 18 years old. There are also cases happen to purple citizen students where they have to postpone from entering the university because they have to wait until they reach their age of 18 years old to make them eligible to get the scholarship to enter the university as the regulation stated in admission.  Available: http://www.ubd.edu.bn. Last accessed 15th Jannuary 2011. They also do not have any option for example to work with the government even though the finished their study in the government school by fee because they have to have the yellow citizenship. In cases like this also happen that the child cannot make the application to get the yellow citizenship at all because if they already reach their age of 18 and was born abroad and their father have not reach the 20 years being a permanent resident they are no longer eligible to make an application. This is because as stated in chapter 8(1) if applicants are born abroad they are only eligible to make application before they reach the age of 18 years old. They also having problem to apply for scholarship to study abroad. In Brunei, students with outstanding A level result will be eligible to get study abroad scholarship but the condition is they must be holding the yellow citizenship as stated in Scholarship.  Available: http://www.moe.edu.bn. Last accessed 15th Jannuary 2011. For students who are holding purple citizenship, they cannot apply for this scholarship even they have got a very excellent result. Therefore some of them who did not afford to pay for a very expensive school fee cannot continue their study to a higher level of education especially university. Sometime they have to waste their time waiting for their citizenship application to be approved by the Department Of Immigration and National Registration Ministry of Domestic Affair Brunei. For applicants stated in chapter 8(1) the law and regulation of Department Of Immigration and National Registration Ministry of Domestic Affair Brunei for applicants who was born abroad in order to be have the yellow citizenship of Brunei they have to pass their Malay Language Test. If they do not pass the test they have to try until they can get through and qualified to be the yellow citizenship. In this cases happen that they have to try for so many years to be qualified but what is worth trying in years in order to get the scholarship if the scholarship has limit the requirement only to students who is below 25 years old. In Brunei if someone is to apply for education scholarship they must be not more than 25 years old. If someone with purple citizenship are recognised as the yellow citizenship after their age of 25 years old than what is worth fighting for doing the test in years while according to their academic qualification they are actually qualified to continue their study. For those who can afford to pay for their education to university level and manage to complete their degree with outstanding qualification that does not mean that they can work with the government. This is because the regulation to work with the government is they must have a yellow citizenship. If they do not qualified in terms of citizenship their academic result will not be considered by the government even though they are qualified in terms of academic qualification. In the end they have to spend years working with private sector and earn lower income which is not suitable for their academic qualification and what have they been going through will continuously happen to their children as well. Some of them also have to move to other country to seek for appropriate and suitable job for their qualification. CONCLUSION There are so many things to be considered and analysed in this issue. The regulation delayed the application in terms of the demand of the time requirements to be the yellow citizenship. Most applicants have to wait for a very long time until they are applicable to be the yellow citizenship. Along their journey to get the yellow citizenship they have lost so many valuable things such as their time, their effort and even their future. If this happen continuously to the resident of Brunei specially the purple citizen it will leads to a big lost to the country in terms of losing the intelligent assets and also will leads to massive number of unemployment in the future. It is not erroneous to put a law for people to apply the yellow citizenship of Brunei. But the time required for the purple citizenship to apply the yellow citizenship should be decreased for the country and resident own good and for a better future. (2,860 words) Bibligraphy: admission.  Available: http://www.ubd.edu.bn. Last accessed 15th Jannuary 2011 Education System.  Available: http://www.moe.edu.bn. Last accessed 15th Jannuary 2011. Job Vacancy.  Available: http://www.pelitabrunei.gov.bn. Last accessed 19th Jannuary 2011 Members Section.  Available: http://www.imigresen.gov.bn.html. Last accessed 19th Jannuary 2011 Scholarship.  Available: http://www.moe.edu.bn. Last accessed 15th Jannuary 2011.

Retailing in the Digital Age :: M&M’s World at Leicester Square

Introduction To expand the customers’ shopping experience and satisfaction, the atmosphere while they are shopping was necessary. The atmospherics were first founded by Kotler (1973) as an essential instrument to hold the shopping environment to produce the emotional effect on the customer buying decision. There are further studied to classify these. However, most of them were about the physical environment but after the 21st century, concepts of an online store were applied. Multiple channels are a concept of this era, to be the survivor retailers have to adapt themselves as well. This report contains the findings and analyses, which include the atmospheric variables, online retail environment, online retail atmosphere and opportunities and challenge of e-retailing. Findings and Analyses Atmospherics in term of Kotler (1973) definition are an important marketing tool that effect directly to the customer behaviour. Putting it simply, this is about the sensory effect atmosphere including sight, sound, scent and touch. This is also a part of the product that could effect to the consumer behaviour. To attempt and hold the specific segment of the target could increase the atmosphere in the store an increase buyers’ rate consumption thereby causing the increase of purchase probability. According to Turley and Milliman (2000), the behaviour of consumer could influence by the environment. From the study, there could come up with five categories that effect to the consumers’ evaluation and lead the behaviour response consist of external variables, general interior variables, layout and design variables, point-of-purchase and decoration variables and human variables as can be seen in figure 1. Figure 1: Turley and Milliman’s retail atmospherics framework Nowadays, the retail industry transitioned from brick-and-mortar to click-and-mortar retailing. As a result of developing on the Internet that has increased the flexibility for retailers to operate an online store in addition from their physical store. Moreover, the online channel also offers the benefit in selling products to the online shopper that value another customer segment (Ofek et al, 2010). Otherwise, the consumers’ behaviour in the era was not relying on one channel. They use relevant of technologies to search for an information in different ways, such as, read reviews from other customers, visit the physical store before purchasing online, finding the best price of purchase (Aubrey and Judge, 2012). This could illustrate that the customers use multi-channel for their purchase decision. In the 21st century, customers tend to be the multi-channel shopper that effect in the retailing industry.

Observing the Human Condition :: essays research papers

Human’s, according to the bible, will always be evil because of one action; the action of biting the apple. Films like Fargo, Magnolia, and Pleasantville portray human nature constantly â€Å"biting the apple.† These films seem to share many views on how human nature is portrayed with the Bible. Betrayal and forgiveness are two prominent themes in the Bible as well as all three of these films. In particular, the film Magnolia seems to have almost every character commit betrayal of some kind. The one character that is true to Bonhoeffer’s â€Å"true discipleship† is Officer Jim Kurring. He values the lives he saves more than his own life, he is truly unselfish.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The movie Pleasantville is a clear parable to the Bible’s description of the Garden of Eden. Pleasantville portrays complete innocence amongst its population. Complete innocence that is, until David Wagner betrays the TV repairman (God) and begins to change the world of Pleasantville along with his sister Jennifer. Like the film, the Bible portrays humans as sinners by consequence. The movie also brings out the question of whether or not there is one true â€Å"garden of Eden† for everyone, or if we must learn to create our own paradise in order to truly be happy. Does God have our destiny created for us or must we create our own? When it comes to reconciliation and forgiveness, the movie does not seem to be a parable to the passages of the Bible. The Hebrew god brings chaos when he is betrayed by the sinners of the earth, like the flood. The movie has a much unrealistic view of how forgiving God is.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story of Cain and Abel can be paralleled to the movie Fargo. Jerry Lundenguard sacrifices his family for his own gain in much of the movie. The kidnapping of his wife depicts his total lack of clarity towards the safety of his wife. Even his own son seems unimportant to him, he is asked how his son is holding up and he has a moment of realization that he has not even thought about his son’s well being. Even the betrayal of the two killers at the end of the movie can be paralleled towards Jerry betraying his wife. Backstabbing is an essential part of this movie when compared to the Bible whether the betrayal involves evil vs. evil, or evil vs. good.

Instructional and Behavioral Support Essay -- Education

Mrs. S. has a classroom of 22 kindergarten students; one student is a retention from last year. The classroom has an even split between boys and girls. The class has had a stable class roster since second quarter, only gaining one student, and losing two. This is unlike the other kindergarten classrooms at the school that have gained and lost many students over the past few months. Four students are on speech IEPs, and the one new student was just recently placed on an IEP for math and behavior concerns. The classroom is fairly diverse in both ability and racial makeup. While there are many Hispanic students in the class, there are also Caucasian, African American, American Indian, Korean. The classroom is comprised solely of English speaking only students. The class has some of the academically highest students in the grade, but also some of the lowest. The school itself is a Title 1 school, where all students receive free breakfast and lunch because so many students qualify for free lunch according to government standards. A few students receive food assistance to help the family get through the weekends. Mrs. S uses a color chart to help monitor her students’ behavior. Each child has a clip with his or her name written on it. Each child starts their name off on green and moves up or down the chart depending on the choices that are made throughout the day. The colors are blue for ‘excellent’, green for ‘good’, yellow for ‘warning’, orange for ‘stop and think’, and red for ‘hot lava’. At the end of the day each child has a communicator that is sent to and from home which gets marked with the end color of the day. This allows parents to see what kind of day their child had, and any quick notes from Mrs. S. This system of man... ...ications in her behavior plan, and academic expectations when needed. For the most part every child is treated the same, each held to a high level of behavioral excellence that most easily accomplish. By splitting the class into groups based on academic need each student is given instruction at his or her level. Doing formal assessments on students frequently allows her to monitor each student’s progress and take action if and when needed. Her students seem to not only do their best to please her, but also because they have become intrinsically motivated to always do the best they can, in both academics and behavior. Works Cited National Center for Learning Disabilities. (2000). Early Identification: Normal and Atypical Development. Retrieved April 4, 2012, from LD Online: http://www.ldonline.org/article/Early_Identification:_Normal_and_Atypical_Development

Hero and Ceremony

The Monomyth The monomyth is a recurring, underlying theme that many writers follow not only intentionally but unintentionally as well; it follows the hero throughout the novel and explains the success of many mainstream novels. The monomyth is in its entirety he hero’s journey, beginning with the departure, then the initiation and ending with the return.In the novel of ceremony there is no real sense of time there are many flashback’s but there still is a monomyth and it also fills many of the categories to be one. Our hero in ceremony is Tayo even though he is not the average hero with great strength or intelligence but a hero who has an inner battle with himself and stress; he falls into the category of a romantic hero.The refusal in the monomyth has 6 step’s and ceremony manages to cover 5 of them , the first being the refusal and in ceremony it is not as a genuine refusal but a morale one that he wishes to continue to be accepted and not belittled by just be ing native American by the white people, during the war he was accepted and considered a hero by white people but when his uniform was off and he was returned home he was thought less of just because of his ethnicity so the real refusal here is his refusal to return to blatant racism even if it is not direct.A hero must also have a rescue from without that lets the audience see that even heroes are mortal and require help or rescue at one point to appeal to pathos or emotion. Tayo’s issue or battle with post-traumatic stress that causes him to drink to try to escape the sadness and memories of all his friends and loved ones death in the war, he is from without and also has a personal identity crisis that troubles him throughout the novel.The crossing of the threshold in the novel is not marked by a arduous task or magnanimous event but subtle and gentle , after meeting the â€Å"the woman† in the mountains who help’s Tayo with catching Josiah’s cattle or â€Å"the cattle of his dreams throughout his and her meeting by the last meeting Tayo feel’s much better about himself and his heritage, Tayo officially crosses the threshold after freeing the cattle of Josiah from a white man’s ranch but shows him the bill of sale and the cattle are wrangled to the woman’s house, so Tayo gets Robert and they head to the woman’s cabin and when they arrive the cattle are corralled in old Indian fashion and the house is abandoned and a few months after that Grandma claim’s he’s cured but Tayo’s true cure come when he puts an end to the ceremony, which is when Emo comes chasing him and torture Harley, a little before this. Tayo runs into a uranium mine and notices from the patterns on in the mine that it is the final stage of his ceremony.Master of two world's is when the hero realizes that there is nothing separating the new world from old world and is has a better understand and in ceremony this step is very clear when Tayo is finally cured and even a bit before that he is at peace with his old memories and sense of loss and his major self-realization that renders knowledge is after having relations with the woman in the mountain's he knows that the land and people you love are never truly lost because they had existed in the first place. The hero's final step is the Freedom to Live, Tayo with his new found knowledge of himself and the land is finally able to live at peace with himself and calm his inner demons to no longer cause nightmares and be able to live his life as a regular Indian now accepted by the tribe.

Ethical Scrapbook

In any profession unethical behavior can be present, it is ultimately up to the individuals. They have to decide what is ethically right and not take short cuts or engage in unethical behavior. The banking profession, such as bank tellers, is exposed to large amounts of money. They can choose to be ethical and not attempt to steal from their clients, or they can act unethically by choosing to steal money. Another profession is research, there are conditions that exist for unethical behavior. When researchers conduct experiments, they usually write a report about their results.If the results do not go in the direction that they wanted them to, this gives the researchers an opportunity to act unethically. They can either choose to act ethically, and report the true results from the experiment, or they can choose to act unethically, and report the results in a manner that will benefit them. â€Å"In the process of making decisions regarding their professional behavior, psychologists mu st consider this Ethics Code in addition to applicable laws and psychology board regulations.In applying the Ethics Code to their professional work, psychologists may consider other materials and guidelines that have been adopted or endorsed by scientific and professional psychological organizations and the dictates of their own conscience, as well as consult with others within the field. If this Ethics Code establishes a higher standard of conduct than is required by law, psychologists must meet the higher ethical standard.If psychologists’ ethical responsibilities conflict with law, regulations or other governing legal authority, psychologists make known their commitment to this Ethics Code and take steps to resolve the conflict in a responsible manner in keeping with basic principles of human rights† (American Psychological Association, 2014). Another profession is professional sports, the athlete could take enhancement drugs to improve themselves at the sport, like taking steroids which is also against the law.Most athletes choose to  do what is ethical and stay away from drugs to ensure that they keep their jobs and the respect of their fans. In medical professions, doctors could take the unethical route and give their patients their drug of choice just to satisfy them, but doctors that admire what they do will be ethical and give the patient what they need and get them help if they are showing signs of drug abuse. â€Å"Within the patient-physician relationship, a physician is ethically required to use sound medical judgment, holding the best interests of the patient as paramount† (The Patient-Physician Relationship, 2001).Pharmaceutical companies are a profession that also has to choose to be ethical or unethical. The individuals that work for pharmaceutical companies are tempted to take medication for their own use. They may steal medications to sell them to make money for themselves. Politics also can contribute to ethical or une thical behavior. If politicians do not like something, they try to hide it from Americans, or they may not tell the whole truth of certain facts. Politicians are famous for covering all of the facts up.

Natural Resources and Energy in the Rainforests

The beauty, majesty, and timelessness of a primary rainforest is indescribable. It is impossible to capture on film, to describe in words, or to explain to those who have never had the awe-inspiring experience of standing in the heart of a primary rainforest. Rainforests have evolved over millions of years to turn into the incredibly complex environments they are today. Rainforests represent a store of living and breathing renewable natural resources that for eons, by virtue of their richness in both animal and plant species, have contributed a wealth of resources for the survival and well-being of humankind. These resources have included basic food supplies, clothing, shelter, fuel, spices, industrial raw materials, and medicine for all those who have lived in the majesty of the forest. However, the inner dynamics of a tropical rainforest is an intricate and fragile system. Everything is so interdependent that upsetting one part can lead to unknown damage or even destruction of the whole. Sadly, it has taken only a century of human intervention to destroy what nature designed to last forever. The scale of human pressures on ecosystems everywhere has increased enormously in the last few decades. Since 1980 the global economy has tripled in size and the world population has increased by 30 percent. Consumption of everything on the planet has risen- at a cost to our ecosystems. In 2001, The World Resources Institute estimated that the demand for rice, wheat, and corn is expected to grow by 40% by 2020, increasing irrigation water demands by 50% or more. They further reported that the demand for wood could double by the year 2050; unfortunately, it is still the tropical forests of the world that supply the bulk of the world's demand for wood. In 1950, about 15 percent of the Earth's land surface was covered by rainforest. Today, more than half has already gone up in smoke. In fewer than fifty years, more than half of the world's tropical rainforests have fallen victim to fire and the chain saw, and the rate of destruction is still accelerating. Unbelievably, more than 200,000 acres of rainforest are burned every day. That is more than 150 acres lost every minute of every day, and 78 million acres lost every year! More than 20 percent of the Amazon rainforest is already gone, and much more is severely threatened as the destruction continues. It is estimated that the Amazon alone is vanishing at a rate of 20,000 square miles a year. If nothing is done to curb this trend, the entire Amazon could well be gone within fifty years. Massive deforestation brings with it many ugly consequences-air and water pollution, soil erosion, malaria epidemics, the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, the eviction and decimation of indigenous Indian tribes, and the loss of biodiversity through extinction of plants and animals. Fewer rainforests mean less rain, less oxygen for us to breathe, and an increased threat from global warming. But who is really to blame? Consider what we industrialized Americans have done to our own homeland. We converted 90 percent of North America's virgin forests into firewood, shingles, furniture, railroad ties, and paper. Other industrialized countries have done no better. Malaysia, Indonesia, Brazil, and other tropical countries with rainforests are often branded as â€Å"environmental villains† of the world, mainly because of their reported levels of destruction of their rainforests. Why should the loss of tropical forests be of any concern to us in light of our own poor management of natural resources? The loss of tropical rainforests has a profound and devastating impact on the world because rainforests are so biologically diverse, more so than other ecosystems (e. g. , temperate forests) on Earth. Consider these facts: †¢A single pond in Brazil can sustain a greater variety of fish than is found in all of Europe's rivers. †¢A 25-acre plot of rainforest in Borneo may contain more than 700 species of trees a number equal to the total tree diversity of North America. A single rainforest reserve in Peru is home to more species of birds than are found in the entire United States. †¢One single tree in Peru was found to harbor forty-three different species of ants – a total that approximates the entire number of ant species in the British Isles. †¢The number of species of fish in the Amazon exceeds the number found in the entire Atlantic Ocean. The biodiversity of the tropical rainforest is so immense that less than 1 percent of its millions of species have been studied by scientists for their active constituents and their possible uses. When an acre of tropical rainforest is lost, the impact on the number of plant and animal species lost and their possible uses is staggering. Scientists estimate that we are losing more than 137 species of plants and animals every single day because of rainforest deforestation. Surprisingly, scientists have a better understanding of how many stars there are in the galaxy than they have of how many species there are on Earth. Estimates vary from 2 million to 100 million species, with a best estimate of somewhere near 10 million; only 1. million of these species have actually been named. Today, rainforests occupy only 2 percent of the entire Earth's surface and 6 percent of the world's land surface, yet these remaining lush rainforests support over half of our planet's wild plants and trees and one-half of the world's wildlife. Hundreds and thousands of these rainforest species are being extinguished before they have even been identified, much less catalogued and studied. The magnitude of this loss to the world was most poignantly described by Harvard's Pulitzer Prize-winning biologist Edward O.  Wilson over a decade ago: â€Å"The worst thing that can happen during the 1980s is not energy depletion, economic collapses, limited nuclear war, or conquest by a totalitarian government. As terrible as these catastrophes would be for us, they can be repaired within a few generations. The one process ongoing in the 1980s that will take millions of years to correct is the loss of genetic and species diversity by the destruction of natural habitats. This is the folly that our descendants are least likely to forgive us for. † Yet still the destruction continues. If deforestation continues at current rates, scientists estimate nearly 80 to 90 percent of tropical rainforest ecosystems will be destroyed by the year 2020. This destruction is the main force driving a species extinction rate unmatched in 65 million years. As human beings continue on the quest to find more efficient and economical ways of creating a better life, the world at large is feeling the effects. Searching for new land to build and to grow crops on has created a predictable disturbance to the biogeochemical cycle in rainforests. The biogeochemical chemical cycles in a rainforest rotates through both the biological and the geological world, this can be described as the biogeochemical process. Of course a rainforest takes hundreds of thousands of years to become lush and tropical, while it takes big business a matter of hours to demolish the land and begin building, farming or drilling oil wells on. The plants and animals in rain forest either remain undiscovered, become extinct or are lost to the destruction of the heavy machinery used to clear the land. This has an immense effect on the biogeochemical cycles in the rainforest. Reservoirs are affected and the trees of tropical rain forests are unable to bring water up from the forest floor that would naturally be evaporated into the atmosphere. This is a cycle that is necessary for the whole planet. Oxygen is released into the atmosphere by autotrophs during photosynthesis and taken up by both autotrophs and heterotrophs during respiration. In fact, all of the oxygen in the atmosphere is biogenic; that is, it was released from water through photosynthesis by autotrophs. It took about 2 billion years for autotrophs (mostly cyanobacteria) to raise the oxygen content of the atmosphere to the 21% that it is today; this opened the door for complex organisms such as multicellular animals, which need a lot of oxygen. (McShaffrey, 2006) This is typically the responsibly of trees in a rainforest to carry chemicals from the land into the atmosphere. Human beings are having a major impact on this action being completed. During the clearing of these rainforests, humans burn the area to be excavated and the carbon cycle in the area is then disrupted. Fossil fuels release into the atmosphere excess carbon dioxide. More carbon dioxide is then released into the air and the oceans eventually causing a common condition called global warming. Global warming simply means that the carbon dioxide produced in the atmosphere is permitting more energy to reach the Earth’s surface from the sun than is escaping from the Earth’s surface into space. Reference http://www.rain-tree.com/facts.htm

Transformative learning is a process of examining

The hope for a higher pay and better life style can stand for one of the factors act uponing grownups to prosecute a post-secondary instruction. Surveies have indicated a correlativity between higher degrees of instruction and success in the work force. Success can intend many things, but a common manner to mensurate success is through income. A College Board publication ( 2005 ) shows the typical twelvemonth unit of ammunition working employee keeping a Bachelor ‘s grade earns 62 % more than the typical twelvemonth unit of ammunition working employee who holds merely a high school sheepskin. Surveies indicate the higher the instruction, the person is better prepared and successful in the work force ( College Board, 2005 ) . In the yesteryear, grownups desiring to prosecute a higher instruction had to get the better of different barriers or give up the chase. Technology has enabled persons to prosecute their instruction extinguishing the demand to run into agendas of the establishment. While engineering has enabled grownups to happen a manner to prosecute a higher instruction, some possible barriers may be such as other duties, household committednesss, fundss, and low assurance. The challenge for organisations, module, and advisers requires the ability to acknowledge and find challenges and issues impacting the pupils. Adult pupils are cognizant of his or her demand to cognize, others are unable to separate between preferable and required. Students exposing a deficiency of assurance or respect issues can be the consequence of antecedently negative experiences. These grownups may hold the desire to obtain a higher instruction but require universities and advisers to supply appropriate construction, methodological analysis, and communications to help the grownups to transform into the acquisition environment. Determining the construct or theory advancing a positive acquisition experience for pupils depends on assorted factors. Learning theories are constructs depicting the grownup larning procedure this includes the processing information. Some of the theories discuss alterations in behaviour and attitude along with manage new information. Some of the acquisition theories come from two different subjects. The subjects of psychological science and grownup instruction have been responsible for theories such as transformational theory. Transformative Learning Theory Mezirow ‘s Transformative Theory discusses the procedure in which pupils learn and apply life experiences to the cognition. The transmutation theory has two different attacks to acquisition: 1. Instrumental larning i Controlling and pull stringsing the acquisition environment 2. Communicative larning i Understanding what another single communicates to another person Transformation theory has similarities with other theories such as experiential acquisition and andragogy. The cardinal elements of Mezirow ‘ theory included: 1. Analysis i Identify the job Mezirow stated grownups learn through contemplation and reading of new experiences. 2. Interpretation i Determine the credibleness Critics believed this theory as it was excessively shockable on the person and non the other factors, which dictate on whether or non transmutation could be possible ( Merriam, 2004 ) . The theory eludes variables such as larning contexts, pupils, and pedagogues. 3. Self-regulation i Comprehension and Maintain Open Mind Mezirowis theory uses the â€Å" disorientating quandary † to reflect and readings of new experience. 4. Inference i Merriam argued the alteration in the grownup larning processed resulted from a degree of development and cognitive development ( Merriam, 2004 ) 5. Explanation i Establish the dependability of readings 6. Evaluation i Supplying a important or boarder image of the situation/problem Reviewing the grownup larning procedure and the relationship to adult behavioural public presentation and alteration is a critical subject for both bookmans and practicians. Mezirowistated pupils go through a province of contemplation for job resolution. The contemplation involves the review of premises acquired through cultural assimilation in childhood ( Mezirow, 1991 ) . Mezirow recognizes three types of contemplation in the transmutation procedure: 1. Contented Contemplation: Persons reflect on job by the capable affair or account. 2. Procedure Contemplation: Involves schemes to work out the job instead than the content of the job. 3. Premise Contemplation: Questions the significance of the job by the followers: a. Theory b. Point of views c. Principles The development of transmutation occurs when the contemplation leads to awareness in a antecedently held misconception or position, reevaluate, and revised the point of views ( Cranton, 1994 ) . Reappraisal of Literature Cranton ( 2006 ) defined the transformative acquisition theory as, â€Å" a procedure of going aware of one ‘s premises and revising these premises † ( p. 730 ) . Cranton ( 2006 ) explains teachers can hold preconceived premises steering instruction patterns. Cranton ( 2006 ) described big pupils â€Å" as transformative scholars, they question their positions, open up new ways of looking at their pattern, revise their positions, and act based on new positions † ( p. 14 ) . Mezirow ( 1997 ) cautiousnesss adult pupils â€Å" need pattern in acknowledging frames of mention and utilizing their imaginativenesss to redefine jobs from a different position † ( p. 10 ) . Laffey, Lin, & A ; Lin ( 2006 ) list several foundational elements to successful learning environment including actuating the pupils. Motivation will help development of other foundational elements such as honestness, reactivity, and regard ( Laffey, Lin, & A ; Lin, 2006 ) . Achieving success in the acquisition environment requires set uping a foundation of on each component. Students need motive, a ground to alter. If they see nil incorrect with the position quo, they will be less receptive to the thought of alteration and possibly fearful of what is to come. If the pupils challenge antecedently held beliefs by spread outing their cognition base with new information, this is the transmutation to going a critical mind ( Brookfield, 2005 ) . Tucker ( 2005 ) stated ratings conducted on possible pupils and pupils with particular demands to find their demands in chase of a higher instruction advancing academic success. Wadsworth, iHusman, iDuggan, iPenningtoni ( 2007 ) survey evaluated the demands of the pupils whether to the pupil ‘s advantage or disadvantage. The research workers indicated finding the demands of the pupils can be distinguish ( Wadsworth, 2007 ) . Duarte and Snyder ( 2001 ) survey experienced the similar success and failure when trying to set up the demands of the pupils. The findings reflect pupil demands require communicating, coaction, and understanding demand in a positive acquisition environment. The deficiency of interaction can hold negative impacts within the larning environment such as the loss of pupil involvement and motive. Learning and learning manners need to develop and keep motive and communicating within the acquisition environment. Adult pupils get certain positions from instruction and life experiences to find if an teacher is accessible. Mezirow describes this point of view as constructions of premises, associating to experiences. The old experiences serve as a acquisition component pupils will use to future experiences or scenarios ( Mezirow, 1994 ) . Alan Roper emphasized the importance preparation needed for teachers to place and help the pupils and his or her demands to be successful. Bulger and Watson ( 2006 ) supported Roperis research ( 2006 ) bespeaking the demand for developing to back up pupil issues. Connection between preparation and alterations may help in minimising and extinguishing challenges or issues found within the acquisition environment. Some pupils resist larning if the information contradicts personal beliefs, biass, and premises ( Mezirow, 1994 ) . The teacher ‘s challenge is advancing a proactive attack guiding and actuating pupils to new information. Motivation is endeavor for teachers to dispute and promote pupils in a acquisition environment. Different methods of motive required for each pupil because of the alone personalities. The aid of a qualified teacher may advance pupil academic success. Ineffective pattern of the teacher can endanger the acquisition environment and advance a negative acquisition experience for the grownup pupils. The teacher establishes the phase for transformative acquisition by functioning as a function theoretical account. The teacher demonstrates a willingness to larn and alter by spread outing and intensifying understanding and positions of course of study and acquisition manners ( Cranton, 1994 ) . Application The influence of diverse civilizations in America has meant an escalation of diverseness at establishments. Transforming the acquisition environment requires a diversified mentality. The pull offing diverseness mentality maps as an internal regulator that keeps beliefs and actions consistent ( Loden, 1996 ) . Promoting a positive acquisition environment requires a diverseness mentality doing the ethical committedness needed to do the appropriate picks and take appropriate actions for the right grounds ( Loden, 1996 ) . This mentality is an attitudinal province achieved through womb-to-tomb acquisition, personal investing, and uninterrupted self-reformation ( Loden, 2006 ) . A pull offing diverseness mentality can non be mimicked, but instruction each person ( Loden, 1996 ) . Loden ( 1996 ) points out four basic beliefs that form the foundation for this mentality: 1. Valuing diverseness requires long-run civilization alteration 2. Valuing diverseness is good for organisations and pupils. 3. Valuing diverseness realisation must be comprehensive, non limited. 4. Valuing diverseness benefits all and sundry ( p. 64 ) Understanding these beliefs is cardinal in deriving a diverseness mentality. Pull offing diverseness in the acquisition environment challenges the attitudes and premises ( Loden, 1996 ) . Diverseness can be a beginning of uncomfortableness for many persons when introduced. Diversity is non merely the duty of the teacher to encompass and implement, diverseness is the duty all stakeholders ( Thomas & A ; Woodruff, 1999 ) . If diverseness is to boom within the acquisition environment, all stakeholders must encompass diverseness exceed down ( Thomas & A ; Woodruff, 1999 ) . Components of the alteration agent require lucidity of motive, constructs, consistence, stressing instruction, and pupil engagement. A cultural apprehension becomes particularly of import in times of transformational enterprises ( Brock, 2010 ) . Percepts of leading, direction manner, and public presentation are interrelated within organisational civilization and public presentation ( Mehra, Dixon, Brass, & A ; Robertson, 2006 ) . The silent premises at the nucleus of organisational civilization manifest at many unconsciousness degrees ( Brock, 2010 ) . Diversity emphasizes inclusion and common regard giving hope to pupils believed marginalized or excluded. Diversity can act upon motive and invention meeting the universal demand for inclusion and regard among pupils and teachers, which improves productiveness, satisfaction, and academic growing. Greenberg ( 2006 ) provinces organisations with constructive diverseness civilizations realize much higher degrees of motive, teamwork, satisfaction, quality, and pupil growing. Accountability supplies teachers with the information required to make and supervise pupil public presentation. The teacher can supervise influence on the pupil larning accomplishments recognizing the end of transitional acquisition to go autonomous. The pupil should be shown how to take answerability for his or her acquisition, resources, ends, and rating ( Paul & A ; Elder, 2002 ) . The transformational acquisition focal points on the fact teachers should concentrate on naming the demands and capablenesss of their pupils. The teachers diagnose pupils ‘ demands and attend to them separately. In order for transmutation to happen for a pupil, teachers should make an environment of coaction and communicating. Teachers should make an environment exciting the pupil ‘s ability to apologize and contemplate their development for perceptual experiences and point of views of his or her ain rules. Communication and trust between the teacher and pupil can advance an environment of trust, openness, and positive acquisition environment. This coaction presents an exchange of information back and for the between the teachers and the pupils. Mezirow stated, iTransformative acquisition addressesidirect interventioni ( 2003, p. 62 ) by the teacher. Enhancing communicating between pupils and teacher requires a written communicating program advancing a positive acquisition environment. 1. Communication occurs through address, composing, preparation, Internet, and assorted other signifiers 2. Communicate alterations, every bit fleetly as possible 3. Supply clip for inquiries and reply Sessionss 4. Communicate the outlooks and the aims 5. Communication is a bipartisan conversation between teacher and pupils 6. Communication should be practical and positive. Teachers will train, rede, and supply feedback for usage in the academic development of the pupils. Teachers will raise the demands and assurance degrees of the pupils to take on increased answerability. The pupil ‘s duty does non merely cover his or her educational ends but to increase pupil public presentation. Students are taking greater duty for their academic development will use to personal state of affairss. The primary apprehensiveness with positive support should use invariably and carefully. Therefore, the teacher must keep frequent communicating with the pupils. Communication is critical in any environment to carry through undertakings and aims. The interaction between the teacher and pupil builds the relationship and trust demand in advancing the acquisition environment ( Lamb & A ; Johnson, 2008 ) . Motivating communicating within the schoolroom to advance instructor/student interaction can include: 1. Asking inquiries to get pupil ideas and apprehension ; 2. Instructor provides personal experiences ; 3. Participate in treatments, reading, and explicate penetrations on subjects ; 4. Supply illustrations and explicate how class constructs applied to personal or professional life. The deficiency of planning and pull offing a diverse pupil organic structure can be a challenge for any teacher if there is a deficiency of apprehension of varied fortunes and experiences. Today ‘s society organisations and pedagogues have an duty the stakeholders, community, and pupils to understand the demands of the pupils. Organizations and teachers can utilize the four beds of diverseness tool to take to an apprehension of the pupils. The four beds of diverseness tool consist of the followers: 1. Personality: Singularity 2. Internal dimension: Age, gender, and cultural group 3. External constituent: Geographic location, pecuniary issues, divinity, instruction, employment, and matrimonial position 4. Organizational dimension: Curriculum, location, background Each component has distinctiveness to help in acknowledging persons in an mixture of ethnicities ( Lamb & A ; Johnson, 2008 ) . Achieving achievement or failure is dependent upon the combined attempts of the teachers and pupils. Developing trust is critical activity in the interaction between the teacher and pupil relationship. The ability of the teacher to place the demands of the pupils may depend on his or her ability to accommodate to alterations within the acquisition environment ( Roper, 2007 ) . The effects of the deficiency of preparation may in pupils falling behind, losing deadlines, or even failure of finishing the assignment ( Shils, 2008 ) . Organizations, course of study interior decorators, and pedagogues will necessitate to concentrate on idea out determinations, thereby accomplishing pupil demands and class outlooks. Curriculum planning can do the success or failure of the attempts of the teachers and pupils in accomplishing success in the acquisition environment. Bishop ( 2006 ) investigated jobs related to pupil answerability and challenges cut downing pupil failure. Enforcing curriculum constituents without integrating planning can endanger academic planning and pupil keeping ( Bishop, 2006 ) . Problems and challenges identified in a structured planning procedure should be resolved prior to curriculum alterations occur. Proper planning implements good decision-making and prevent possible failure after execution. Planing determines outlooks and set uping clear aims supplying elucidation to the pupils. The aims are action points to help in finding the intended ends to be accomplished within the determination devising procedure. Charting possible results and declarations in the planning phase will help in meeting desired results and aims. Recommended methodological analysiss for accomplishing aims: 1. Reding Methods i Student rating, end appraisals, and pupil reding 2. Best Practices i Ideas and alterations recommended for execution 3. Professional development i Instructor preparation 4. Specialized preparation iSpecific needs needed for successful acquisition ( Bishop, 2006 ) If effectual patterns are non evaluated, revised, and modified could endanger pupil success. If the pupils lack proper way, this can take to pupils developing their ain uneffective techniques. Instructor under qualified to help pupils, the deficiency of makings will make farther defeat and troubles for the pupils. If qualified teachers successfully address issues impacting pupils, this action can advance motive, involvement, and autonomy. Effective behavior alteration tactics can reenforce wanted behaviours and take unwanted behaviours by communicating. Facilitating positive acquisition accomplishments will advance positive behaviours and answerability by pupils. If the pupils maintain duty for their instruction such as keeping motive and positive attitude promotes a positive acquisition environment. The outlooks intended to help in understanding the demands of grownup scholars in the acquisition environment. The pedagogues need to set their behaviour and attack to the acquisition environment. The function of the teacher becomes a facilitator of acquisition, and a accelerator for pupils to incorporate larning with new, theoretical, and conceptual acquisition ( Duarte & A ; Snyder, 2001, p. 75 ) . Teachers should further the growing of the learnersi ability for identify and inquiry antecedently held beliefs and sentiments. Baumgartner stated, iTransformational acquisition is non an independent act but is an interdependent relationship built on trust ( 2001 ) . Mezirow states iTransformative larning addressesidirect interventioni by the facilitator ( 2003, p. 62 ) . The way for pupils to go critical minds involves: 1. Validation of the information i Understanding if the information offsets the cost and if the information has real-life application. 2. Develop autonomy to larning – Adults take duty for larning. 3. Use background of experience as a resource i Using background information as a foundation for application of new information. 4. Motivation i Adults learn by extrinsic and intrinsic incentives. When grownups accept and desire larning new stuff, use to life state of affairss. The demand to larn must happen prior to application to take topographic point. 5. Goals i Adults get down the acquisition experience achieve specific ends. The research conducted implies motive is important because of its deduction as a determiner of public presentation and its unsubstantial nature. Motivation can animate pupils to better, addition, and achieve academic ends ( Wadsworth, 2007 ) . When motivated, pupils display positive behavioural traits in the class and mentality. Alderferis theory implies motive will oblige a pupil to bring forth resourceful or constructive actions on personally and the acquisition environment ( Huitt, 2004 ) . Recommendations Teachers patterning effectual instruction accept the duty of maintaining treatments on path ; contribute experiences, cognition, and penetrations. The creative activity of a acquisition environment transformed in making a autonomous class does non happen overnight but requires clip, cooperation, and support. When pupils are witting of teacher ‘s reliable involvement in him or her, he or she will move in response in sort. In this type of milieus, pupils assist in doing suggestions and decision-making in their instruction. Teachers need to expose forbearance and understanding with pupils in the acquisition environment. If teachers reminisce about their ain journey to obtain an instruction, they demonstrate an apprehension to their pupil ‘s journeyiin accomplishing his or her ends in instruction. The building an enhanced acquisition environment should be the purpose every teacher should endeavor to achieve. Promoting and jointing class ends, pedagogues need to promote pupils to presume duty of their instruction. The coaction between the teacher and pupils will actuate and help pupils make self-discovery. In order for pupils to develop the acquisition accomplishments for success, requires a changeless reappraisal and alteration of learning manners. Flexibility and alteration of learning methods must be a demand for teachers to run into the demands of the pupils. Decision Dewey ( 1938 ) noted, without proper contemplation and way these pupils to their ain attack to larning endangering academic success. Teachers need to stay painstaking in measuring and implementing grownup larning theories into his or her patterns. Understanding the function of teachers affects the acquisition on pupils and professional business ( Brock, 2010 ) . Transformation larning theory identifies there is no individual attack to run into the demands of all pupils ; flexibleness is required as each pupil is alone. Education does non happen within the confines of a schoolroom, despite a common misunderstanding of an instruction. The boundaries of an instruction expand to every facet in an person ‘s mundane state of affairss ( Gutek, 2004 ) . Education is a womb-to-tomb procedure, spread outing the skylines of one ‘s cognition. Education is biased merely to those who prefer to populate in ignorance, the transmutation occurs when pupil understands there is more to life than misguided impression and attitudes.