Importance of Managing and Adopting Collaboration and Partnership in the Tourism Industry Essay

1. Abstract This report focuses on the importance of adopting and managing collaboration and partnership in the tourism industry in the Black Country region. The purpose of this report is to identify problems that the region is facing and find means and ways of achieving sustainable tourism that meets the needs of present tourists and the needs of the region while protecting and enhancing opportunities for the future. Also in this report, conditions in the visitor attractions sector in this region are discussed including the advantages and disadvantages of collaborative and partnership approach. It can be said collaboration and partnership seeks to achieve sustainable tourism by means of conservation and development. Research findings are presented to the Board of Directors, in order to show the importance of adopting and managing collaboration and partnership in the region. The outcome of the research showed that most stakeholders were in favour of collaboration and partnership as it offers solutions to problems and challenges experienced by tourist attractions and which they cannot deal with in isolation. Collaboration has many different forms, it can be by means of tourism planning and policy making participation processes; informal meetings between politicians and the industry; through debates and round table discussions; by spreading information in the media; by advisory committees and coordination bodies; and/or, via what are called public-private partnerships (PPP) (Ansell& Gash, 2008; Rhodes, 1997). 2. Introduction Black Country is a tourist destination based on quality and sustainable experiences. In this current economic climate there is need to adopt collaboration and partnership to increase and maintain its sustainability. Collaboration is defined as what occurs when a group of autonomous stakeholders of a problem domain engage in an interactive process, using shared rules, norms and structures to act or decide on issues related to the domain† (Jamal & Getz, 1998: 188) The role of the Partnership is to enhance the quality of the visitor experience, to improve the viability, sustainability and performance of tourism enterprises and to develop, promote and champion tourist attractions in appropriate markets. http://www.exmoortourismpartnership.org.uk/ To help us identify suitable stakeholders who have like interests, we carried out a survey that outlined some of the issues and impacts affecting our destinations and the solutions available, the research findings are, climate change, loss of habitat areas because of development and pollution, degeneration in biodiversity of species and ecosystems, increased dependency of a host community’s economy on tourism, increased gas prices, abandoned heritage sites, transportation are the main problems that the region is facing and these problems were a pointer to stakeholders who have like interests with the Black Country Tourist Authority. These stakeholders include guests and corporate clients, hotel owners, local communities, employees, suppliers, academic institutions, local authorities, the historical society, scientific agencies and institutions, the local bus/coach companies, this is consistent with WTO 2004 which states that Alongside a strong leadership, the informed participation of all relevant stakeholders from the local to the central levels are components of the social dimension of sustainable tourism. Mutual participation can provide cost effective solutions by pooling resources (Bramwell and Lane 1999; Bramwell and Sharman 1999; Healey 1997. The process has the potential to allow organizations to pool their knowledge, share expertise, capital and other resources (Bramwell and Lane 2000). This increases the tourism sustainability in turn; sustainability will assist tourism in contributing to economic development as well as improve employees and their families, the local community and society at large. Communication between us is always through national surveys, informative programs and educational resources. These stakeholders would assist our tourist attractions in the following ways, 3. Issues affecting tourist attractions 3.1. Biodiversity Conservation Biodiversity is the variability of all species on earth ranging from plants, land and sea organisms and micro-organisms. National parks and other protected areas are seen as important areas for the conservation of biological diversity however the region is faced with biodiversity threats which are explained below: 3.2 Pollution Land, air and sea pollution caused by human events brings about quite a number of environmental hazards and is a threat to biodiversity and the ecosystem. A major concern has been of the Black Country canals, people enjoy using canals for recreation. There is a danger of contamination of canal water by agricultural runoff, waste treatment plants and improper disposal of industrial waste. This type of pollution can cause long-term health problems for people as well as killing wildlife from exposure. Also of concern is litter, it has been noted that people throw materials that do not break down easily in the environment, as a result, destroys the beauty of parks ,making tourists avoid these areas. Street litter may wash into drains and end up in the ocean; this can kill wildlife by entanglement or ingestion. Soil contamination is another form of pollution in the Black country which may destroy our tourist attractions, this type of contamination can be caused by spillages of hazardous substance or when as chemicals or waste from an industrial smokestack. This can kill animals if they ingest plants which grow in such soil or if they inhale particles from contaminated soil. To solve this we need to collaborate with environment protection agencies such that they provide presentations of visual material, with the aim of communicating the importance of conserving tourist attractions. 3.3. Climate change The rise or decrease in temperature could be a threat to wildlife and the environment and the wildlife are likely to experience changes in the location and extend of areas across the region where the climate will meet their requirements and wild life will suffer due to altered vegetation patterns, and reduced water availability in the region. Therefore the available solutions showed that there is need for us to collaborate with scientific organizations and institutions to meet the specific needs of management as it meets the challenges of climate change and in turn we are able to provide the best suitable conditions for wildlife. The solutions available include presentation of climate friendly parks workshops. These can be delivered in partnership with the environmental protection agency. Also people should reduce the emission of greenhouse gasses by using alternative energy sources such as solar, wind energy, fuel cells, electric and hybrid forms transportation. Educating rangers such that they will pass on current information to visitors. http://www.nature.nps.gov/climatechange/ However, the United Nations Convention Framework for Climate Change encourages stakeholders to adapt to the climate change. This means that stakeholders need to implement changes in processes, practices, and structures to moderate potential damages or to benefit from opportunities associated with climate change. http://unfccc.int/focus/adaptation/items/6999.php 3.4 .Accommodation The findings of the research has shown that tourists struggle with accommodation due to the high fares, therefore large numbers of visitors chose not to stay for more than a day’s visit or some would choose not to visit the tourist attractions. However to make it easier for tourists and to make sure the attractions realise maximum profits, an agreement has been reached with the local accommodation providers and tourist attractions to offer joint-ticketing for tourists, where visitors can purchase an all-inclusive holiday and accommodation is offered at a discount. However accommodation providers may offer a limited number of rooms or allocate limited days per ticket as a way of gaining quick turnover and this could be a disadvantage as tourists might end up reducing their time spent at attractions and in turn affects visitor satisfaction and reduce the potential for attractions to earn much needed secondary spend. 3.5. Education and Training The authority will take part in hospitality industry sustainability round-table events hosted by Wolverhampton University School of Hotel Administration, which focused on The Role of the Sustainability Department in Hotel Companies, The Impact of Emerging Codes, Laws and Regulations, Guest Engagement and CSR (corporate social responsibility) and Carbon. As staff are the main factor in the success of the visitor experience, the Black country tourist authority aims to maintain control over recruitment and training the skills base of the people who work within the tourism industry as they play a crucial part in the customer perception of the region, therefore partnership with appropriate training and skills organisations and education establishments will enable the customer service skills to be heightened. Examples of these institutions that we are in partnership with include Universities and Colleges. The aim is to increase visitor satisfaction whilst providing employment opportunities and a career path for the region’s workforce and encourage investment into the Tourism Industry. Local communities Policies, implementation and enforcement of plans and regulations resulting from collaboration may be more accepted by individuals and organizations who were involved in creating them (Medeiros de Araujo & Bramwell 2002). Including local communities in the survey will enable communities throughout the region to recognise the value that tourism plays, financially into the region’s economy and in the support of the infrastructure within communities, an example can be where shops stay open throughout the year due to the tourism spend or the employment opportunities for the local workforce. It is therefore important for communities to understand the benefits achieved by a community through tourism activities. Furthermore, it makes use of local knowledge to make sure that decisions are well-informed and appropriate. This adds value by building on the store of knowledge, insights, and capabilities of stakeholders (Bramwell and Lane 2011; Gray 1989) and gives a voice to those who are most affected by tourism. Local knowledge helps in scenario analysis, data collection, management planning, designing of the adaptive strategies to learn and get feedback, and institutional support to put policies in to practice (Getz et al., 1999). This increases the business sustainability in turn, sustainability will assists the business in contributing to economic development as well as improve employees and their families, the local community and society at large. 3.6. Abandoned heritage sites There are quite a number of abandoned heritage sites in the Black Country. Therefore the Black Country Tourism Authority aims to get into Partnership with local authorities can help to assist in identifying tourist attractions such as heritage sites at risk and then sign post them to the appropriate grants and trusts for repairs and maintenance. The aim is to help improve the protection, conservation and management of heritage assets. Another example of heritage at risk includes Victorian buildings such as The Grand Hotel (Birmingham); it is one of the city’s largest Victorian buildings and a local landmark. www.english-heritage.org.uk 03/04/13 4. Conclusion In conclusion it can be said, adoption and managing of collaboration and partnership is the key success of English tourism in this region, its success lies in the hard work of all stakeholders, availability of funds to ensure high standards, security and marketing, most importantly, the good management from managers of individual tourist attractions which is revealed by professional conduct of workers at an attraction. 5. Recommendations The process of achieving successful collaboration and partnership involves generating income for tourist attractions and management as well as involving stakeholders in decision making concerning tourism development and heritage conservation, therefore, revenue capture scheme should be set up and the revenue generated would go towards biodiversity conservation and management. The government should offer investment incentive for entrepreneurs or financial support such that businesses with like interests can be set up and essential services such as water suppliers can continue to supply clean water. Attractions should have a strategy for recruiting, educating, or training people for the tourism industry.

Corporation information Essay

This section it’s dedicated to provide all the information related to the company that our clients need, and to offer a brief history of how the company was created as a responsible company and providing a service that exceeds our customer’s expectations. Our company recognizes that accomplishment and maintenance of security program is our personal responsibility, therefore, we will have to take initiative and be an example, this way we will maintain our system implemented by different techniques and tools like: Trainings on C-TPAT Security processes described * Security Controled and Registred. * Technology of innovation * Personnel recruited * Internal Audits * Selection of business partners Since we look for  implementation and development of the program of security C-TPAT we must fulfill some requirements to maintain a greater security in all the chain of supplies. Thus we have verifiable writings for selection of our businesses partners. We request for procedures of security and the processes to fulfill the minimum requirements of security established by the C-TPAT, participating in a questionnaire applied by our company. When completing this questionnaire, not only will help us to fulfill our obligations like member of the C-TPAT, but also some of our customers will look for fulfill requirements for importer and to become members of the C-TPAT. Guarantee security of our processes and our clients’ also. Questionnaire is designed to identify those areas where improvements are necessary to fulfill minimm security requirements. Correct identification of a security weakness will not affect our relation of businesses, but it will allow us to work with our clients to develop a plan of security improvement if necessary. All the people working on the company contribute to our success. An integration of our different talents and perspective, stimulate new and creative opportunities for our business. Collectively, it will generate a rewarding and more exciting work atmosphere where each individual feels like person in charge of performance of our company. We respect rights and dignity of all employees. We made an effort for being a company that independently attracts the best people, no matter origin, beliefs or life style. We are commited to create a work atmosphere with confidence and respect, inclusion and diversity, and employees are listened to improve team work. We assure all employees know our job enviroment, tasks, responsibilities and general activities to aim our organization. We develop their capacities through open and constructive conversations on their professional direction. Also we try to guarantee that all the employees are recognized and compensated by their yield. For our company the responsibility of each individual as employe is being conscious of policies and be responsible of his own behavior. Our integrity and reputation as company will not have to be committed. Any attitude that can seem questionable is not acceptable. (Customs Trade Partnership Against Terrorism), is a joint initiative of the government and businesses of create cooperation relations to fortify security of supply chains and borders. By this project, customs requests all companies to guarantee integrity of their security and to communicate this to commercial partners of supply chain. The company look for a certification as member of C-TPAT. Obtaining this certification, we will offer a better service to our customers with great security, reliance and rapidity exporting cargo, also our customers (importers) and our company will be benefitted with results obtained with implementation of C-TPAT. In order to articipate in C-TPAT, companies must elaborate and apply programs of integral security to improve security internal and external with partners and clients. Therefore, we have developed and maintained a complete and detailed security plan with directives of values of EE. UU. Customs. As C-TPAT includes all components of supply chain, such as importers, carriers, intermediaries, operators of warehouses and manufacturers, the company is determined to communicate security requirements for C-TPAT to suppliers and clie nts.

Protestant Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Protestant - Assignment Example sts also questioned the older understanding and meanings of biblical scriptures, and made attempts to bring forth improved explanations of the prevailing biblical words. The followers of the liberal mainline Protestant Christianity believe in the existence of a Deity i.e. Trinity that includes the Father, the Holy Spirit and the Son. They believe that symbolically speaking, Jesus Christ is a manifestation or incarnation of the God. God is the creator of universe and evidence that arises as a result of scientific experimentation supports this notion. They also believe that death is not the end; evil will be punished while good acts will be rewarded in the afterlife (Albanese 106). The older belief regarding inheritance of ‘original sin’ (Adam & Eve) is not readily accepted by many. Instead of following a religious concept regarding suffering of the humanity, the liberal Protestants are more inclined towards following the humanistic approach which aligns closely with the modern notion of helping the needy in times of need. Overall, the liberal approach seeks to find rational answers to religious questions and in doing so, centers the deci sions on knowledge that is already acquired by human beings by scientific

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Case study - Essay Example Franchise contract can be beneficial on the part of Delissa in the sense that Agria could easily penetrate the Japanese market through its business partner Nikko. At the same time, Delissa could easily make use of Nikko’s existing market distribution to deliver Delissa’s yogurt in the market. One of the main factors that contribute to the failure of Delissa’s business strategy of entering the Japanese market has something to do with communication / language and culture gap. There is basically no single stakeholder on the part of Nikko who could speak English. For this reason, it becomes a challenge for the two companies to establish a clear vision and implement market strategies to increase the business’ profitability. Due to lack of communication, mistrust between the two parties becomes unavoidable. (p. 9–11) The initial marketing plan that was implemented is inappropriate due to the fact that it was not effective in establishing a good market position and differentiation for Delissa’s product-line. Based on the research survey result, 55% of the respondents were not clear on what the company is trying to communicate with regards to Delissa product. (p. 9–11) Based on the company’s recent media planning, Delissa is targeting children and young people between 13 to 24 years of age. For some reason, Nikko and SRT International Advertising Agency has been running TV spots between 11:15 to 12:15 at night. Obviously, the company’s target consumers are mostly asleep around that time. (p. 9–10) Aside from the ineffective advertising campaign used in the business, the ordering system and market distribution of Dalissa product is very slow due to some internal bottlenecks that causes delay in the delivery of products in the market. (p. 9–8) Ole Bobek – Agria’s director of international operations was constantly negotiating with Nikko regards to the business franchise. Even

Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Journal - Assignment Example The advertisement is spread across one-third of the page, and though it is a black and white advertisement, catches the eye because of its dimensions. On the top of the advertisement three international students are present and in the background the names of the cities of Dubai, Singapore, Sydney, and Toronto can be seen. This visual covers nearly half the advertisement, with the other half detailing the highlights of the study program and the institution. The focus is on creating an international flavor to the advertisement, which is done through the visual, and is the feature of the advertisement that draws students to read the print part of the advertisement. The logo of the institution is displayed boldly at the left hand corner of the advertisement, below the print current and to add to its authenticity the logo of the Associations of MBA and the accreditation provided by the association is placed alongside the logo of the institution. The text of the advertisement essentially attempts to provide the quality of this education program with the subtle addition of the accreditation to the details of the study program and the quality of the academicians of the institution and the quality of the affiliated universities at Sydney and Toronto. A term is spent either at The Australian School of Business, University of New South Wales, Sydney, which is ranked first among the business schools in Australia and fifth in Asia, or at The York’s University’s Schulich School of Business, Toronto, which is ranked first among the business schools in Canada, and sixteenth worldwide. In all the print tries to establish that this MBA program is a combined venture of three renowned educational institutions in the world. The text also tries to highlight that this is a one-year study program that is equivalent to other similar two-year program, and justifies the short duration of the course and the advantages derived from i t. The

Economics College Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economics College - Essay Example This event has crippled the economy, leading to a quarterly decline of 1.4% in the third quarter. The attack has "shut down the economy for several days and has had a lasting impact on tourism, the airline industry, and other businesses" (Economists Call it Recession 2001). In an annual basis, the US economy only managed to grow by 0.8% during 2001. The economy has entered a moderate state of recovery during 2002 where it posted 1.6% annual GDP growth. Recognizing the slowdown in the economy, the Bush administration planned to stimulate consumer spending and investment through the use of tax cuts. This fiscal policy was implemented in July 2003, taking immediate effect in the next quarter. The US has enjoyed an annual growth rate of 2.5% during that year which is strongly fueled by the rise in personal consumption expenditures coupled by a higher level of government spending. Also, the tax cut has been effective in creating jobs and boosting business growth. From 2004, the US economy has been posting growth at par with its pre-recession rates. GDP in 2004 rose by 3.9%, which 0.2% higher than the 2000 level. Annual growth rates in 2005 and 2006 are 3.2% and 3.4%, respectively.

Impressive and Attractive Portfolio Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Impressive and Attractive Portfolio - Article Example An impressive portfolio along with a good resume can increase the prospect of an applicant or job seeker to conquer heights of professional achievement. As far as the insurance field is concerned, one can rise to eminence if only one has good communication skills and if one is able to maintain effective business correspondence with the clients and the employer through effective e-mails, various types of letters, memos and press releases. By arresting the attention of the company/client through a systematically prepared portfolio, the applicant gets a chance to prove that he/she is the perfect fit for the job. As the past work one has done is considered as the best indicator of future performance, a hiring manager really cares about what the applicant can do for them in the future. In an interview, the examples of one’s work turn the interview into an opportunity to show where one excels and it provides a concrete opportunity for the employer to look for what he really expects from the applicant. A portfolio which is systematically prepared could just give one the edge, and one may get the first offer. To prepare an excellent portfolio, one must concentrate on the following points. It must include a copy of the applicant’s master resume to show the level of one’s skills, base and breadth of one's experiences in the field. Moreover, it must be pointed out that the applicant possesses lots of untapped potentials which distinguish him from the rest of the people being interviewed. The next point that must be considered is whether the applicant is capable of setting real examples or representative samples of his/her past works, which clearly show one’s level of skill and quality. For instance, a person who has previously worked in an insurance company or a bank can include samples of memos, e-mails, reply letters, request letters, negative message letters, sales letters and press releases in his/ her portfolio.

Professional engineers Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Professional engineers - Assignment Example The modern day Engineer has the obligation to conduct their operations in an ethical manner. Several accidents result from negligence on the part of the Engineer or from not following the standards set out for conducting these activities. One such accident was the 1986 Space Shuttle Challenger disaster in which the vehicle burst into flames shortly after taking off killing all the crew. The president of the United States set up a commission to investigate the cause of the accident that found that the accident was as a result of the failure of the O-ring seals and that the seals had been cited as a potential hazard years before the accident. The commissions report to the president indicated that since managers and engineers had prior knowledge of the O-ring danger, lack of proper communication between management and the engineers and poor management practices were the principle causes of the disaster. This interpretation is however insufficient if the history of how NASA and contracto r’s engineers had detected and dealt with the defects on the O-rings before the launch. According to Andrew Dunar and Stephen Waring in Power To Explore-History of Marshall Space Flight Center 1960-1990, ‘Allowing Marshall engineers and managers to offer their side of their story, based on documents before and after the accident testimony and interviews leads to a more realistic account of the events leading up to the accident than that found in the previous studies.’ It is therefore important that I highlight some of the ethical issues raised in order to understand the obligations of professional engineers as a way of preventing the occurrence of such disasters. While engineering ethics principles are easy to formulate, they are sometimes hard to apply and decisions made by professional engineers must be considered on the context of the technical details of the design. It should be seen that ethical principles are not violated to avoid the probability of acciden ts due to such considerations as of finance. The NASA space Shuttle Challenger burst into flames about 73 minutes after liftoff killing seven people on board. The crew team included: Francis R. Scobee as the commander, Michael John Smith ( who was the pilot), Ellison Onizuka ( the missions 1st Specialist ), Judith Resnik (Mission 2nd Specialist), Ronald McNair (Mission third Specialist ), Christa McAuliffe (Payload 1st Specialist ), and Gregory B. Jarvis (Payload 2 nd Specialist ). The commission realized that on the evening prior to the launch Morton Thiokol, the contractor supplying the seals had recommended during a teleconference that the launch be delayed due to concerns about the performance of the seals. This recommendation was however reversed during the teleconference leading to the disaster. In trying to understand, the probable causes of the accident during investigations care take care not to such as the myth of perfect engineering practice and that of retrospective fall acy. There is no such thing as perfect engineering practice and simply identifying what standard steps were not followed during the design is not enough in assigning the cause of accident. Moreover, looking back in retrospect at what important decisions should/could have been made is sometimes misleading, as investigators will always try to assign blame. In order to underst

You can chose one Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

You can chose one - Essay Example The customer lodged a claim on us that the art we shipped arrived with sags in the canvas. This may not be our fault, neither is it the customer’s. You therefore ought to have appreciated the customer feedback first and the fact that the customer contacted us with a claim. You can also show the customer that we care about the products we send and that their satisfaction is our priority. Then accept the liability and responsibility to re-stretch the art on behalf of the customer. Our customers are important for our business, and hence kindly make efforts to understand the customer situation and address the solution not the problem. We at Manhattan Galleries value your kind efforts to address customer needs and keep constant contact with them. As we appreciate our employees so are our customers and every feedback matters to us. Your letter to the customer is well written, and with the changes annotated, it will serve the customer perfectly well. Thanks for your efforts at Manhattan

Running my own Multinational Corporation Research Paper

Running my own Multinational Corporation - Research Paper Example For selling the product in the UK market, the company will enter into arrangements and agreements with the local retailers in the UK, particularly in the major cities. The retailers which will be considered for distribution and sales of the product will include Tesco PLC, Sainsbury’s PLC, Morrison’s PLC, ASDA PLC and other retailers. Keeping in view the fact that the consumption of alcoholic beverages in the UK and its supply has shown consistent growth, it can be therefore expected that the consumers in the UK will buy this product. As per the information provided by the World Health Organization, there has been a steady increase in the consumption of Beer during the past 45 years (45 years include years from 1961 to 2006). In addition to this, since the company will enter into arrangements with local retailers and distributors in the UK for the sale of products, there will be no need to hire labor or acquire specific supplies for any other purpose. The company, Oceana Beverages Incorporation, will dispatch its products directly to retailers at specified city destinations. The retailers will then take charge of the good upon delivery and will be responsible for handling and selling the products through their respective retail outlets. As far as the manufacturing of the product is concerned, 100 percent manufacturing will be carried out within the United States at the production facility of Oceana Beverages Incorporation. In addition, packaging for both local and export deliveries will also be done by the packaging unit of the company. In this way, all expenses related to the production of Seven Star Wine will be incurred in US Dollar only. There are numerous factors which may have an impact on the balance of trade between the United States and the United Kingdom. These factors, in relation to the business of Oceana Beverages Incorporation, mainly include the cost of production in the US as compared to UK, costs associated with raw materials and other

Global Alcoholic Drinks Market 2014-2018 Essay Example for Free

Global Alcoholic Drinks Market 2014-2018 Essay The Global Alcoholic Drinks market comprises three segments: Beer, Spirits, and Wine. The Beer segment led the market in 2013 with 53. 24 percent and 75. 34 percent share, in terms of revenue and volume, respectively. Increase in demand among the millennial population in the US, growing demand for premium alcoholic beverages, and increased marketing and promotions by vendors are some of the factors that have driven the consumption and sales of alcoholic drinks. The Global Alcoholic Drinks market is witnessing a steady growth both in terms of revenue and volume. However, the mature nature of the Beer market is expected to have a negative impact on the growth of the market at large. Covered in this Report This report covers the present scenario and growth prospects of the Global Alcoholic Drinks market for the period 2014-2018. To calculate the market size, the report considers revenue generated from the retail sales of various alcoholic beverages. It also includes the market size based on volume, which is calculated based on the consumption of alcoholic drinks by consumers in the world. VIEW OUR FULL TOC HERE Key Regions †¢EMEA †¢APAC †¢Americas Key Vendors †¢Bacardi and Co. Ltd. †¢Beam Global Spirits Wine †¢Diageo plc †¢Pernod Ricard †¢SABMiller plc Other Prominent Vendors †¢Anheuser-Busch InBev †¢Asahi Breweries †¢Brown-Forman †¢Carlsberg Breweries †¢Central European Distribution †¢Constellation Spirits †¢Distell Group †¢Grupo Modelo. †¢Gruppo Campari †¢Heineken †¢Illva Saronno †¢John Distilleries †¢Jose Cuervo †¢Molson Coors †¢Patron Spirits †¢Shiva Distilleries †¢Suntory †¢The Wine Group †¢Tilak Nagar Industries †¢United Spirits †¢VS Group †¢William Grant Sons Key Market Driver †¢Growing Demand for Premium Alcoholic Beverages †¢For a full, detailed list, view our report. Key Market Challenge †¢Increased Competition from Non-alcoholic Beverages †¢For a full, detailed list, view our report. Key Market Trend †¢Demand for Low Alcohol Content. †¢For a full, detailed list, view our report. Key Questions Answered in this Report †¢What will the market size be in 2018 and what will the growth rate be? †¢What are the key market trends? †¢What is driving this market? †¢What are the challenges to market growth? †¢Who are the key vendors in this market space? †¢What are the market opportunities and threats faced by the key vendors? †¢What are the strengths and weaknesses of the key vendors? For more insights, view our Global Alcoholic Drinks Market 2014-2018 report.

Investigation of whether Poverty Causes Crime

Investigation of whether Poverty Causes Crime In the current essay we will discuss the fact that poverty causes crime. Poverty is a characteristic of the economic situation of the individual or social group in which they cannot satisfy a certain range of the minimum requirements needed for life saving ability. Poverty is a relative concept and depends on the overall standard of living in the society. According to experts, not getting decent wages for their work, young people gradually lose the desire to marry and to have children they are full of fear for tomorrow, not sure that tomorrow they will not be fired because of another financial crisis. In addition, low wages and lack of jobs, experts say, are pushing young people to commit crimes in order to get rich quickly. It is, therefore, among criminals, increases the number of adolescents, aged 18 to 25 years. Poverty is a consequence of diverse and interrelated reasons, which combine into the following groups: economic (unemployment, low wages, low productivity, lack of competitiveness of the industry); socio-medical (disability, old age, high levels of morbidity); Demographic (parent families, a large number of dependents in the family); socio-economic (low level of social guarantees); educational qualifications (a low level of education, lack of training); political (military conflict, forced migration); regional-geographic (uneven development of regions). As well, current crisis makes people react and do something, even if it is illegal, they start committing a crime. Poverty causes many crimes, as if a person was not poor and had faith in himself, he would not face the thought that he should search another ways to get money. According to Crime Causes Poverty (2010), being poor, which could be caused by different reasons, makes a person unhappy, incapable to earn enough money, to buy anything he wants or at least something necessary. Poverty determines a certain stereotype in a persons thoughts, and he does not see any constructive solving of the problem, as he wants to choose the easiest way of getting money, even harming other people. According to Borade (2007), poverty has a huge psychological influence on people, who become depressed, desperate and then they decide to commit a crime, as they have not found anything that can legally get them out of such situation. Too many problems that a person faces in the modern society makes him get angrier on the whole situation and forces to look for the new ways of solving his problem. The desperate economical situation in the country and consequently the lack of the work places, especially for young people, creates the thoughts and actions of crime. No guarantees from the government and no proper help to people who are poor leads to the chaos and misunderstanding, where the only way out they find, is to commit a crime. Poverty as a social phenomenon in a historical sense is of lasting value. The extent and depth of immersion of the people in the country reflects two important aspects of society the level of development of productive forces and the corresponding character of their operation principle of social justice. Most often, poverty is treated as financial insecurity of people, when income of a person or family does not allow maintaining socially necessary consumption for life, interfering with normal living and personal development. According to Mac Donald 2010), poverty serves as guidelines for shaping social policy. This phenomenon is assessed by using indicators of absolute and relative poverty, its depth and severity, as well as by the subjective perception of their individual well-being and quality of life. To determine the effect of poverty on crime, there may be also another way: by studying the living conditions of the poor and convicted before they commit crimes. As a consequence of the fact that poverty causes crime, criminally distorted psychology of society, values and personality, as a direct cause of crime are expressed by more than just greed, aggression, irresponsibility and neglect of criminal law prohibitions, as stated by Charen (2007). It has several forms: greed, the cause component of the Organized Crime and Entrepreneurship, parasitism, irresponsibility, situational robbery, when crimes are committed to meet the immediate material needs, poverty is an incentive for the physical survival. At a gain now there is 80% of the totality of the causes of crime at this time. The main source of crime in any society is the aggravation of his social contradictions. It is also defined as meaningful and with the quantifiable features of the formation, which are within the specific time parameters. It is known, that the technologically advanced capitalist countries do not have the same level of crimes. As a fact, crimes begin from the childhood. As a rule, if a child was born in a poor family, there are more chances that he will start committing crimes. All over the world there is propaganda of a luxurious way of life, of successful people, of expensive mansions, cars, of beautiful journeys, etc. When children and adolescents see that and understand that parents will not provide them with all these things, they start looking for the opportunity to get money fast in order to buy at least something. And consequently, they decide to commit a crime. According to Barr (1992), the crimes committed by adolescents are considered the cruelest. The majority of cases of all crimes show that a driving force of the crimes is the money. The values of the society are built the way that those people with the problems in their minds decide to bring closer all these luxurious things. One of the main aspects that can prevent poverty is education. If children are educated properly, then they will perceive the reality as it is and they will try to succeed in legal ways by studying and then getting a job. Sometimes, crimes are the symptom of the culture, and education can cure the cultural poverty, and only then the financial poverty will be cured itself as a consequence. As a fact, not only poor people commit crimes, as there are also rich people who have no boundaries in their actions and also power and they also commit crimes to get more money and power, according to McGrath (2009). Considering the statistics, the total number of the seven index crimes is reported to police per 100,000 inhabitants in the United States. The research states that if to reduce poverty, crime will be reduced, although with the crisis that has begun in 2008, there have been registered less crimes, although there are more poor people because of the crisis. As an example of it, in the first decade of the XXI century crime in the United States has tended to decline. By the end of the decade, crime rates, according to many indicators, have fallen dramatically, despite the economic crisis of 2008-2010. In some cities such as New York, the crime rate has dropped to the record lows. With the onset of recession in the U.S., many media outlets have expressed fears that the crisis (for example, increased unemployment and reduced real incomes of people) will lead to a rapid increase in crime. FBI report shows that these fears have not yet been met. Published in the 2008, the study of the Heritage Foundation has shown that the relationship between economic perturbations and the crime exists, but it is not so clear. Thus, in the United States there is a nation-wide crime statistics since 1934. During all this time only for 16 years the crime rate has declined. The crime rate has steadily increased from 1955 to 1972, although this time the U.S. economy has experienced a rapid period of development, and then a recession occurred only in mid-1960. In turn, during the Great Depression statistics was only for the period from 1934 to 1938 criminals have shown less activity. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) issued a preliminary report on crime rates in the U.S. in 2009. This statistics is based on data provided by about 17 thousand law enforcement agencies of different jurisdictions. The main conclusions of the report, compared to 2008, is that the number of property crimes in the U.S. decreased by 6.1%, violent crimes by 4,4%. According to the report, this year the number of murders in the U.S. fell by 10%, robberies on 6,5%, rape by 3,3%. Among property crimes, the most significantly decreased the number of thefts of cars (by 18.7%), theft (by 5.3%) and burglary (2.5%). The greatest reductions in crime were noted in cities with populations exceeding one million. In addition to FBI statistics, the crime rate measures the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics by the Census Bureau (study called National Crime Victimization Survey). Since 1973, there have been annually polled 70-80 thousand of households (family or group of people living together and h aving a total budget), to identify about how many actually committed crimes Americans have not informed the police. The last time similar research was conducted in 2008. It has shown that the victims of the criminals Americans do not always turn to law enforcement agencies: becoming the victims of violent crimes, they shall notify the police in 51.2% of the property in 39.6% of cases. Another important indicator for gauging the level of crime in the U.S. is a traditional study conducted the service Gallup Rating the perception of crime. Every year Gallup asks Americans to estimate whether increased or decreased the number of crimes in their area and across the country. In the recent years, such survey was conducted in September 2009. Then 74% of Americans said that compared with last year the crime rate in the U.S. grew, and 15% reported that the situation has improved. The rise in crime in their area was 51%, decrease 29%. As a fact, 12% of respondents said that the situation with crime in their place of residence was very serious; the crime rate across the United States similarly estimated 55% of respondents. It is curious that in the last decade, both of these indicators remain fairly stable, fluctuating slightly. As a rule, those countries where there is no proper economic regulations, there are more chances that people will react negatively and commit more crimes, as the consequence of unhappy life and no perspective in such countries. Although there is no proof of the direct connection of the fact that poverty is the main motive to commit a crime, as there are many factors present in the minds of people who in different situations can act differently. According to Francis (2008), it is not quite explicable, that the fact that while there is a depression and economical crisis all over the world, people do not commit more crimes, as the statistics shows that people do not intend to commit more crimes. The consequences and the logic of this fact are not fully understandable. In the modern world everything changes so quickly that people get accustomed to the situation, they learn the rules of the game and probably they try to find a better way to earn money and succeed than to commit a crime. T here can be also hope that the more people get more education, the more they get the proper knowledge, the better they understand life and the rules to survive. The more people know, the better they understand the situations, the values, the perspective, the more ideas they have, the more creative they are and the more they feel capable to find a job and to succeed in life. In poor countries such as Brazil and the countries of the former Soviet Union, there are millions of poor people who do not have a way out because of the lack of any perspectives to find a job, as the level of corruption is extremely high. According to Langeneckert (2010), in such countries is especially visible the difference and the gap between the extremely rich and very poor people. There are almost no middle class people who have a job, a house and other benefits. According to Crime (2009), there are almost no chances to combat it, as poor and desperate people in these countries do not see any other opportunity except committing a crime. The obvious injustice and no social guarantees make people feel as losers, who see the luxurious life and who cannot touch it. As a fact, there is a lot of envy because of such a big gap and so much poverty. Each country has its problems and level of poverty, but there is one main point- the lack of money. According to Brill (1993), if people had money at least for the basic needs, there would be no such level of poverty. And as Aristotle said: Poverty is a source of disturbance and crime, which means that little problem becomes a huge problem if there is nothing useful done to prevent it. That is why the right policy of the country will be able to eliminate poverty and along with that there will be no crime in the future. What factors specifically lead to poverty in the countries? This is the high level of unemployment, a significant number of jobs that do not provide a living wage, as well as reducing the number of social service costs. It can be emphasized that poverty reduction should not be a charity event. It must go against strong social inequalities. The only way to do this is to foster a society of equal opportunities. If we deal only with short-term problems in order to achieve short term objectives rather than to focus on strategic issues of economic and social development, we may miss the last chance to make the country the basis for a viable, long-term development based on economic and social modernization. So, the agenda should include the following vital issues: Reducing inequality and providing our citizens with the opportunity to realize their constitutional rights; Restoration of a common economic space; Infrastructure development through the joint efforts of government and the private sector (roads, railways, ports, airports, bridges, power lines, electricity, etc.); The solution of demographic problems of the countries; The rise of living standards (including environmental problems); Eliminating unevenness in the level of regional development; Harmonization of interethnic relations in the country and the creation of normal living conditions for the communities; National security and territorial integrity; The safety of citizens; As a fact, it is easier to prevent poverty than to deal with its consequences. The fact that people commit crimes when they are poor does not justify them. But the government has to take measures to prevent the poverty, there should be created more opportunities for people to work, as keeping people busy can prevent crimes and even the thoughts of it. Proper economical policy, positive changes in the social sphere, economical issues and employment can guarantee the higher level of education and understanding the principles, which will help to avoid the crime in the future. There should be also organized the certain campaigns aimed at the reduction of poverty, as it in some cases causes crime. Anyway, if the importance of money was not so crucial these days, probably, the majority of people would not commit crimes. As it is very difficult to be different from everyone in the society that values the materialistic ideas, the goods and products, it becomes a real challenge not to have goals to buy the things or to own something. It happens because the society judges those who are different, who have different vision, goals, principles and ideas. That is why people are almost forced to do everything the right way to be as everyone else is, to work and to succeed. And if there are no possibilities for that in the country, people start looking for other wrong ways to reach it anyway. They start looking for the easiest, quickest and lowest ways to reach their goal, and that is why robberies, different violent crimes and thefts occur. Some people, after committing them, feel innocent, as they think that if the government did not give certain things and possibilities to them, then they have the right to take things or money from the richer people. Deceiving themselves, people live in their own world that is so narrow, that allows them to commit a crime and to presume that no one will ever know. As a fact, it is sad that a reality is that money takes a very important place in peoples lives. Everything people do to earn money sometimes in not enough, that is why arise different problems which lead to the thoughts to commit a crime as that last opportunity. Everyone wants to live worthily and this desire determines unexpected behavior. Often people want to prove something to their friends, family, loved ones, but they do not manage to achieve it in a legal way, choosing instead the lowest possible way to commit a crime, thinking that from that moment on everything would change for the better. It is obvious that money rules the world, which is why almost every crime is based on the desire to get more money at any cost. Those who commit crime do not usually think about consequences and they pay for everything they have done later. Sometimes people just lack the patience and they want to have everything too soon without any considerable long time efforts. Consequently, this practice does not work and people are forced to pay for everything they have done. According to McIlheran (2010), psychological help and support in difficult situations can help and benefit people to overcome difficulties, challenging times and other problems. Being open to discussions, to new ideas, to new opportunities and options, people can stop thinking about committing a crime because they are poor. The capacity to believe in yourself, in the future possibilities and in the brighter future lacks in the minds of the people. It is surprising that people commit crimes, as it is obvious that sooner or l ater they will pay for what they have done and it is important to take control of the life. According to Short (1997), the mistake is that people sometimes consider themselves cleverer than the others are, and think they are capable of changing their life easily by harming someone else. This method, fortunately, does not work. Being realistic and optimistic at the same time can save situation and turn life to the better. All in all, only the right policies of the countries can solve this problem and make people understand and see other right ways to earn money and to get out of poverty. People are instruments in the hands of the government and they play by its rules. If there will be more opportunities and proper social conditions for people to live and work, the crimes that are caused by poverty will not take place anymore. A lot depends on the country that people live in, and on the fact how they see their future, which possibilities and advantages they can find and want to implement in their lives. Anyway, everything depends on a choice a person makes, wherever he lives and whatever he has.

A Space Odyssey Film Analysis English Language Essay

A Space Odyssey Film Analysis English Language Essay A Space Odyssey revolves around the theme of evolution. This is a story about how man is overwhelmed by technology. The story follows the evolution of man from man ape. The film also takes into account humans evolution in to the future which involves humans creating Artificial intelligence. This idea develops out of humans use of the tool and eventually evolving beyond their biological needs. HAL represents this evolution but also warns of the problems that can arise when man creates artificial life. HALs malfunction is one such problem that warns of the advancement of technology where humans do not have full control. HAL begins to think on its own and digress from its original programming. HAL also shows signs of evolution as he begins to show emotion that he was not programmed to have. HAL becomes aware of himself and acts to make choices. This can be seen as HAL acts to defend himself for his continued existence. Stanley Kubrick is able to address the idea of evolution through spe cial effects . This can be seen as the effects for the time of the film were realistic with the representation of outer space. This was one of the first films to depict no sound in space. This film raised questions about the relationship between humans and artificial life. Kubrick is also able to accomplish a way of getting the relationship between human and technology across with little to no dialogue in the film. He attempts to portray events visually or with sounds that would have usually been used through dialogue. The basis of 2001: A Space Odyssey is that man has reached a point technologically with their tools that the next evolution step would be consciousness of artificial life. This can be seen through the HAL 900 computer. HAL is an artificial intelligence and an onboard computer of the spaceship Discovery. HAL is capable of speech and emotion. HAL 9000s voice is soft but is able to mimic human emotions which is very eerie . HAL maintains the ships functionality while the crew act as mechanics make the crew seem almost obsolete as Kubrick hints at the end of human evolution through technology. The films effects add to the theme of human evolution. The images of people walking upside down inside the windows of the flying spaceship gave great use of the camera angles. This image was a favorite of mine that added to the theme of human evolution. The film also used the effects of the monolith as a turning point in the history of man . The realization of this monolith gives way to the making of weapons eventually leading humans into space. As nature is replaced with technology a sense of individuality is lost and humans have no emotion. This film demonstrates a world that has sacrificed wisdom for knowledge. The monolith shot gives the viewer an example of using lines to direct the eye to a specific point. This is a good special effect that stood out. The music adds to the imagery that emphasizes how big the universe really is. The first scenes of space are enhanced by a classical soundtrack. When inside, the soundtrack is lively. However, outside things are silent .Kubricks ch oice of music ranged from conventional to odd. As a result, the music fit the storyline. The character performances in the show are robotic. The astronauts seem to just be janitors and seem unnecessary to the overall mission. This does add to the effect in the movie. The first characters are of prehistoric Earth and are apelike. An alien monolith appears to them and they quickly evolve to use tools and weapons. The film pioneered front projection in mainstream movie production. This can be seen with the weightless scene disconnecting HAL. The disconnection of HAL was one of the key shots in the movie. The film was a pioneer in front projection in mainstream movie production. This can be seen with the weightless scene disconnecting HAL. The disconnection of HAL was a memorable screen shot worth noting. All in all, the many effects in 2001: A Space Odyssey add to the theme of evolution .

Harriet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin Essay -- Uncle Toms Cabin E

Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin "The Kitchen is Seasoned With Love" The above quotation is stamped on countless refrigerator magnets and embroidered on dishtowels across the world; and yet, how many of us ever stop to think about what it really means? After all, why is it important that a concept as ethereal and abstract as love should have significance in the kitchen, a place supposedly reserved for preparing that which is necessary only to maintaining the physical body? This question can perhaps be best answered by the â€Å"little woman† named Harriet Beecher Stowe, in her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin – written before we even had refrigerators, much less magnets bearing heartwarming little proverbs. Whereas it may at first be overlooked, the description of different types of kitchens in Uncle Tom’s Cabin is in fact a recurring theme in the novel and not to be trivialized. On the contrary, Harriet Beecher Stowe uses the image of the kitchen to encompass one of the most pertinent aspects of her argument against slavery: that of the importance of the home and domestic life in the fight against oppression and injustice. An indoctrinated member of the infamous â€Å"Cult of True Womanhood,† an unofficial sisterhood designed to combat women’s lack of physical and political power by encouraging them to develop the power of influence, Stowe uses representations of the ideology of this alliance – whose central tenets are piety, purity, submissiveness, and domesticity – as weapons in her narrative battle against slavery’s evils. She aims these weapons straight at the heart of female readers belonging to the same sisterhood, especially mothers ; and with what territory should her feminine readership be more closely acquainted... ...ey into freedom. Finding meaning in Stowe’s use of kitchen imagery is not too difficult a task; her comparison of Chloe’s and Dinah’s kitchens shows the almost polar variations that can occur in slaveholding households, but the ultimate destruction that takes place in both homes proves that no matter how things may at first appear, tragedy will always be the result when slavery is at the core. The only way that true harmony can be achieved is through a system that is not based on slavery, as seen in the example of Rachel Halliday’s Quaker kitchen, where the scenarios of the other households are reversed, and the result is a hopeful end for the sufferer through the kindness of a fellow human being. Now it is up to us as readers to conduct our own kitchens with the same values of motherly nurturing, compassion for one’s fellow man, and most importantly, love.

The HIPAA Privacy Rule and Marketing Communications Essay -- Medical M

Protecting patient information is an important task for any health care provider. The Heath Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), also known as the Standards for Privacy of Individually Identifiable Health Information, was approved by the United States Congress in 1996. It was the first act to provide national regulations for the use of patient health information. This privacy rule outlines the boundaries for the use of personal health information, including specific guidelines to ensure HIPAA-compliance. In order to market under HIPAA, there are certain privacy rules in place to protect patients. According to HIPAA, marketing is defined as â€Å"a communication about a product or service that encourages recipients to purchase or use the product or service†2. This definition can include any type of marketing communication. Marketing also includes when a covered entity is paid by a third party for patient health information that they can use for their own purpos es. It also covers cases of an associate communicating and encouraging patients to buy or use their product or service. Covered entities, which include health providers, health plans, and health care clearinghouses, must receive authorization to use patient’s health information for marketing but there are a few exceptions to this rule. Marketing activities that are permitted without prior authorization include face-to-face encounters as well as giving promotional gifts of little value, such as pens or mugs. A good example of this would be a covered entity giving new mothers a free sample of baby products as they leave the hospital. Covered entities may discuss the health benefits of a product or service to a patient, along with describing health plan options, ... ...portant that the health care provider understands when authorization from the patient must be obtained and when it is not needed. Knowledge of the HIPAA Privacy Rule is essential for any health care provider as well as their staff in order to ensure that any marketing communications are HIPAA compliant. Works Cited 1) Association for Healthcare Philanthropy. Question 5 – Newsletters, Patient Education. Retrieved from http://www.ahp.org/advocacy/us/HIPAA/Analysis/Pages/Question5Long.aspx 2) Direct Marketing Association (2002, August). The Privacy Provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Retrieved from http://www.dmaresponsibility.org/HIPPA/#III1 3) Johnson, P. (2011, September 6). HIPAA: How does it relate to marketing? Retrieved from http://www.oandp.com/blogs/marketing-matters/post/HIPAA-How-Does-It-Relate-to-Marketing.aspx

The Invisible Black Cowboys :: American America History

The Invisible Black Cowboys For many Americans, the image of the cowboy evokes pleasant nostalgia of a time gone by, when cowboys roamed free. The Cowboy is, to many Americans, the ideal American, who was quick to the draw, well skilled in his profession, and yet minded his own business. Regardless of whether the mental picture that the word cowboy evokes is a correct or incorrect view of the vocation, one seldom views cowboys as being black. The first cowboy I met was from Texas and was black. After he told me that he was a cowboy, I told him that he had to be kidding. Unfortunately, I was not totally to blame for my inability to recognize that color has nothing to do with the cowboy profession; most if not all popular famous images of cowboys are white. In general, even today, blacks are excluded from the popular depiction of famous Westerners. Black cowboys were unheard of for almost a century after they made their mark on the cattle herding trade, not because they were insignificant, but because history fel l victim to prejudice, and forgot peoples of color in popular depictions of the West and Western history. Black Americans were in the West with Lewis and Clark, but this was never seen or published until the 19th century (Ravage 26). California was the section of the west that most blacks settled in before the Civil War. The largest concentration of blacks in the state was in Sacramento County, mainly because of the gold rush. Blacks would ride trade ships to the west coast and then desert, if they were slaves, or leave the ship, if they were free men, to settle there (Savage 12). Examples of early black settlers were two ex-slaves named Bob and Kanaska who came to San Diego in 1816 on the schooner Albatross. Thomas Fisher came to California around 1818 but was captured by pirates in Monterey that year. Another Fisher came to California in 1846 while serving on a whaling ship (Savage 13) Though present from the initial discovery of the West, blacks entered the West in earnest after 1850. Between 1850 and 1910, thousands of African Americans, lured by the promise of land, opportunity, and most importantly, racial justice migrated to the trans-Mississippi West (African Americans). This great migration occurred shortly after the civil war, as thousands of blacks moved West because they were unwanted in the North or South (Dick 30).

Commitment based performance: a case of primary education Essay

An emergency meeting was called by the CEO Mr. Khan. ZK, MK and HK immediately reported to the call by their father. Entering the board room all three children saw a tensed expression on their fathers face. On settling down in the board room all three children were presented a paper showing an increase in dropout rate of students, and two more resignation letters in the last one month of their well trained permanent staff. Mr.Khan had just come out from an informal post resignation interview, which was his usual practice, and told his children that despite being the pioneers in school systems in their region they are losing their student body and trained staff that they had invested in for training upon inception. Excellence teachers had no major reason to leave the job except for a Rs. 500-800 offered more at one of the major competitors, and that the workload was to much to handle for one teacher in a class. Mr. Khan transformed his vision onto a living reality on the ground- a living breathing functioning system- Excellence School System. He had put two of his children in the education field so that they could help him out in his dream project of converting his school system into a university. But with decreasing student enrollments and increasing teacher turnover he couldn’t see his child drown away and he does nothing. Background Mr and Mrs majeed, founder members of The Excellence School Systems started the school on self owned premises in 1952 with 23 students at initial enrolling and since then it has grown in size of its building, student and teacher population. In 1960 the school was up graded from primary level to middle level. The school was exempted from the nationalization reforms of 1972. And within a short time the administration was passed on into the hands of their daughter and son in law. Under their management the school expanded itself to incorporate the B. Ed and the M. Ed programs. At present the school has three branches in Bahawalpur, has three buildings in each compound. It also has grounds where children can play cricket, volley ball, football and basketball. There are three computer laboratories which have fifty computers in all. There are four libraries with about 10,000 books in all, and two science laboratories. Besides the scholastic work, the school appears to take pride in a variety of co-curricular activities such as, early morning assembly, sports, arts and crafts, wood work, debates, speech competitions and poetry competitions, magazine work, quiz competitions, educational trips, a yearly school fair, science and art exhibitions, and project days. Excellence School System. At the time of this research the school had a student population of 1000 boys and girls, with a total staff of 150 of which majority are female teachers. The students all belonged to a particular community and came from the locality in which the school was situated. The students entered school at age four to class Montessori and left at age 15 after completing class X. Recently with the increased competition being given to the school by the more schools added to the province catering to the increased population. The school faced a decrease in student enrollments, increase in dropout rate and a high turnover rate prevailing in the region itself. Bahawalpur has in total 2234 registered schools of which majority are 70 % government schools and 30% private school systems that offer o-level facility and the number has increased from 2000-2013. The school enrollments during the last 6 years have deteriorated and a lot of drop outs during 2000-2012, from 1500-1000 students currently enrolled. With increased competition the school was to change its matriculation system to O-levels. And for this it needed the infrastructure and funding (already available but left idle), curricula and above all trained teachers. What was lacking was the availability of permanent trained teacher, teachers’ workload, individual attention to each child and their teaching methodology. Teachers, relying on the textbook, normally gave lecture notes to students who are expected to memorize them with little or no attention given to understanding the content. Thus teachers have become textbook dependent and are overwhelmingly concerned to complete the syllabus so their students have at the least ‘covered’ the course content. In a rural area like Bahawalpur where the gross income of family is on average 15000 and any additional contribution is valued. Majority of the females in Bahawalpur prefer to teach after completion of their basic education. Women participation is regarded as a family decision, in which entry to and exit from the job market is not related directly to her. The importance of women participation in economic activities is evident from the fact that, there is a positive relationship between women productive work and the level of development achieved, the more they earn the more they are valued in the family, resulting in whenever they are offered a higher income from another school based in the same locality they shift immediately. The school earlier started Montessori to grade VI training facility to its existing teachers. The strategy used to train teachers was to involve them in workshops conducted during the annual vacation. Various local teacher training agencies and individual experts were invited to conducted workshops. Not surprisingly, it emerged that there was very little uptake of the training provided and no effect was evident in teachers’ classroom practices. Alongside the teacher development workshop program, school heads were required by the school management to guide teachers in the implementation of a number of changes in the teaching methodology, syllabus planning, conducting examinations, admission policy and communication strategies with management, colleagues, students, parents and community. The School itself was continuing to pay the teacher’s salary during the vacation training therefore not only investing in the development of the teacher but to take cognizance of the pressures on teachers to financially support their families Also to improve education in the school was the development of an English language improvement program. The school had begun a drive to work in the medium of english soon after denationalization. Nationalized schools had been required to use the national language, Urdu, as the medium of instruction along with the provincial language. Mathematics and science were the first to be taught in English. The English language improvement program was not sustained as teachers did not perceive its relevance to their teaching and the language workshops were considered an extra burden on teachers who were already overloaded with various tasks at school and had social and family responsibilities outside of the school. However, many challenges confront the school where most children come from poor and difficult family backgrounds. For example, in each class there are widely different ability groups. Teachers continue to face the challenge of providing individual attention and equal learning opportunities for all students. There are several reasons that have been identified by the school that yields this high turnover rate: change of residence due to marriage; a heavy workload; use of holidays for teachers’ professional development activities; and better remuneration elsewhere. No doubt this has been disruptive to students, parents, and especially to the school who have had to keep training and inducting new teachers into the school’s improvement model. The consequence has been that less attention is then given to teaching and learning improvements in the classroom and from ongoing development work, discontinuation of the training programs but with the inculcation of the O-level stream they had to train their teachers to a level equal to the competing schools in the same area. Many of the key structures necessary for sound, sustainable, and effective teacher training are in place. However, they are not working as planned, and are risking being too great in quantity. The children were asked to leave their positions they were currently hired at and to join the school as head trainers and senior teachers. What was put forward to the CEO were a couple of options in order to start the O-level stream into the school system. A full in service training program to the existing teachers during the summer vacations conducted by their sons and daughter who are presently working in well reputed universities in Punjab. Pre-service training: The methodology of most of the trainings would be a lecture-based format, where teachers would observe a trainer teaching a class or showing techniques. This would also include student-teachers teaching in large, crowded single-classroom. These teachers would therefore gain the exposure to the practical realities that they would have to deal with once they begin teaching on their own. Would work towards how to design lessons, conduct classroom lectures, conducting class assignments, working towards individual assistance on child buildup and knowledge of child cognitive development and how children learn is important In-service training: Teachers would actually spent 2 of 3 days working in groups designing lessons, conducting model lessons to the group, and then receive constructive criticism. Content knowledge is important in order to teach subject matter to children well. Teachers need to have the opportunity for analysis and reflection on their teaching also peer networking would be are integral in addressing teacher motivation and improvement in teaching. Teachers would be sent to training institutions. They would be required to learn how to design class rooms. Alongside the training program offered pre-service and in-service, there has to be a way to retain the teachers to serve them after required training. A revision of remuneration has to be considered which has been a major factor in high turnover rate in the region. The approval letter had been received from the british council to incorporate O-level into their educational system, but with the level of employee turnover it was difficult to decide whether to start it or not or just continue with matriculation, for which the demand was deteriorating fast. Mr. Khan had already worked on the funding of the school for increased facilities and incorporation of the O-level system with increased investment in curricula. Competition raising on one end it was difficult to retain students and teachers in Excellence. He had to take a decision. |Alpina School | | |Government Girls High School | | |Dominican Convent High Secondary School | | |Government High School | | |Govt Girls High School | | |Govt Higher Seconday School | | |Islamic Model School | | |Jinnah Public School | | |New Pioneer High School | | |Noman Model School | | |Tameer-E-Nou Public School | | |SADIQ PUBLIC SCHOOL | | |Govt. Primary School 5-Marla Scheme | | |Govt. Masque School Aalam Rab Nawaz | | |Govt. Masque School Aali Wahan |2 branches | |Govt. High School Abbas Nagar | | |Govt. Masque School Aaqil Pur | | |Govt. Primary School Abbas Arbi |2 branches | |Govt. Primary School Abbas Pur | | |Govt. Masque School Abdul Ghaffar | | |Govt. Primary School Abdul Ghanni | | |Govt. Primary School Abdul Khaliq Farash | | |Govt. Primary School Abdul Shakoor | | | | | View as multi-pages TOPICS IN THIS DOCUMENT High school, School, Public school, Primary education, Education, Secondary school, Teacher, School types RELATED DOCUMENTS Primary Education †¦ Primary Education in India The Government of India in 2001 launched the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), a nationwide programme to provide universal primary education, thereby encouraging secondary education also. The Center passed The Right to Education Act in 1 April 2010, which guarantees free and compulsory education to every child in the 6-14 age groups. But, the lack of awareness on the†¦ 1819 Words | 4 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT The roles of PARENTS TEACHERS ASSOCIATION on teaching and learning performance in primary schools. †¦ ANDLEARNING IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS. [A Case Study of Ojo Local Government Area of Lagos State. ] BY SOLIU, ABUBAKAR OLAIYA MATRICNO: PT/11/27100 PRIMARY EDUCATION STUDIES A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT, ADENIRAN OGUNSANYA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, LAGOS. IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF NIGERIA CERTIFICATE IN EDUCATION (N. C. E) AUGUST,2014†¦ 1819 Words | 84 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Primary Education †¦ key developments affecting the delivery of the primary education†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 2. 1 Teaching material†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 2. 1. 1 Books†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 2. 1. 2 Equipments†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 2. 1. 3 Websites†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 2. 2 Teachers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 2. 3 Regional differences†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 6 3 The environmental and market forces of primary education†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 7 3. 1 Environmental of†¦ 1819 Words | 14 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Primary Education †¦ Role Of Teachers In Child’s Development At The Primary School Level â€Å"If you have knowledge, let others light their candles at it. â€Å" ~Margaret Fuller Every paradox of life is the product of its heredity and environment. where each is necessary to the result as the other. Neither of them can be eliminated or isolated. Education is an environmental force which influences a child’s life dominantly. Education by all norms is an endeavor, to mould†¦ 1819 Words | 5 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Outcome Based Education †¦ OOUTCOMES-BASED EDUCATION: PRINCIPLES AND POSSIBILITIES Dr Roy Killen Faculty of Education, University of Newcastle, Australia This paper explores some of the basic principles of outcomes-based education and relates them to the Australian school and vocational education context. It is intended to help teachers 2 understand how they can translate the theory and philosophy of OBE into practical action†¦ 1819 Words | 42 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Education †¦? 1. What is the purpose of education? To transmit culture? To provide social and economic skills? To develop critical thinking skills? To reform society? I think that the purpose of education is to get the children ready for real life, and provide them the learning skills, and abilities that they will need. 2. What are schools for? To teach skills and subjects? To encourage personal self-definition? To develop human intelligence? To create patriotic,†¦ 1819 Words | 2 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT Education †¦ review of competencies, skills, theories and approaches 3) Bureaucratic Views 4) Theory X and Theory Y 5) The Systems Theory 6) The Contingency Theory 7) Role Theory 8) Paradigm 1: Christian scientific education management 9) Paradigm 2: Education management 10) Paradigm 3: Education governance and management 11) Collegiality Theory 12) What should Effective Educational Management look like in schools? 13) Conclusion 14) Reference†¦ 1819 Words | 12 Pages READ FULL DOCUMENT education †¦ young learners Introduction The pedagogy of play can be hard to understand and part of the reason for this is it’s so difficult to explain how children learn by play because play isn’t simply; it is complex. Each child begins their early childhood education with a set of skills and prior knowledge that is influenced by their family, culture and past experiences (Fellows &Oakley, 2010). 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Chapter 35 Veritaserum

encrust matte up hims pixie slam flat into the flat coat his mettle was pressed into grass the mend of it filled his nostrils. He had closed in(p) his shopping m completelyb apiece succession the Portkey transported him, and he unplowed them closed today. He did non preliminary. All the jot reckonmed to become been knocked let pop come bring discover of the closet of him his head was limpid so meritlessly he mat as though the endureground cognizeledge shine the stairs him were swaying similar the deck of a ship. To postp iodine and besides(a)ment himself steady, he tightened his h ab bring out cadence(a) on the devil social functions he was salve clutching the smooth, cold c e genuinelyw pre move of the Tri champion Cup and Cedrics clay. He felt as though he would slide forward into the blackness gathering at the edges of his school principal if he permit go of any of them. Shock and exhaustion kept him on the ground, breathing in the smel l of the grass, waitwaiting for some wholeness to do somethingsomething to playand in e really expiry(predicate) the while, his strike morose flame uped dully on his forehead.A cloudburst of sound deafened and conf accustomd him in that location were vowelises everywhere, foot notes, screams.He remained where he was, his flavor screwed up against the noise, as though it were a nightm be that would legislate. whence a pair of helping problem deal seized him roughly and turned him oer. provoke chafeHe open(a) his picture.He was smell up at the starry sky, and Albus Dumbledore was crouched everywhere him. The dark shadows of a crowd of nation pressed in around them, energy ne arer scourge felt the ground at a lower place his head reverberating with their footsteps.He had come sanction to the edge of the labyrinth. He could make the stands rising above him, the shapes of peck piteous in them, the stars above. chivy let go of the cupful, that he clutch ed Cedric to him unconstipated more tightly. He raised his surplus hand and seized Dumbledores wrist, while Dumbledores boldness swam in and out of focus.Hes endorse, vex whispered. Hes linchpin. Voldemort.Whats difference on? Whats happened?The face of Cornelius Fudge appeared upside all over earn over incrust it finded white, appalled.My God Diggory it whispered. Dumbledore hes beat(p)The words were repeated, the shadowy figures pressing in on them gasped it to those around themand and so some early(a)s shouted it screeched it into the night Hes at peace(predicate) Hes dead Cedric Diggory un point uped fire, let go of him, he hear Fudges voice give voice, and he felt fingers toilsome to pry him from Cedrics limp luggage compartment, but stimulate wouldnt let him go. indeed Dumbledores face, which was so far blurry and misted, came closer. fire, you roll in the hayt help him now. Its over. Let go.He wanted me to bring him stomach, Harry muttered it affectmed important to explain this. He wanted me to bring him back to his parents.Thats right. Harry save let go now.Dumbledore set d sustain, and with extraordinary position for a earth so old and thin, raised Harry from the ground and mark finish off -him on his feet. Harry swayed. His head was pounding. His brook leg would no longer project his weight. The crowd around them jostled, fighting to fill closer, pressing darkly in on him Whats happened? Whats wrong with him? Diggorys deadHell need to go to the hospital wing Fudge was verbalise loudly. Hes ill, hes injured Dumbledore, Diggorys parents, theyre here, theyre in the stands.Ill reside Harry, Dumbledore, Ill repel him -No, I would prefer-Dumbledore, Amos Diggorys runninghes advance over.Dont you think you should tell him forwards he sees ?Harry, stay here -Girls were screaming, sobbing hysterically.The scene flickered oddly onward Harrys eyeball.Its all right, son, Ive got youcome onhospital wing Dumbledore say stay, verbalize Harry thickly, the pounding in his scar do him feel as though he was to the highest degree to throw up his lot was blurring worse than ever.You need to lie flock.Come on now.Some maven large and stronger than he was was half pulling, half carrying him with the frightened crowd. Harry comprehend spate gasping, screaming, and shouting as the man backing him pushed a path through them, victorious him back to the castle. Across the lawn, past the lake and the Durmstrang ship, Harry hear nothing but the heartrending breathing of the man helping him walk.What happened. Harry? the man asked at last as he lifted Harry up the stone steps. Clunk. Clunk. Clunk. It was Mad-Eye off-key.Cup was a Portkey, state Harry as they crossed the seize hall. Took me and Cedric to a graveyardand Voldemort was at that place head traverse VoldemortClunk. Clunk. Clunk. Up the marble stairsThe colorful ecclesiastic was in that location? What happened thus?Kille d Cedricthey killed Cedric.And then?Clunk. Clunk. Clunk. Along the corridorMade a potiongot his physical structure back.The shameful lord got his body back? Hes go downed?And the ending affluents cameand then we dueled.You dueled with the Dark Lord?Got internationalmy billy clubdid something fly-by-night.I dictum my mum and dadthey came out of his brink.In here. Harryin here, and sit stack.Youll be all right nowdrink this.Harry comprehend a key get hold in a lock and felt a cup being pushed into his hands. crispen ityoull feel bettercome on, now. Harry, I need to have it off exactly what happened. dismal helped tip the cloth down Harrys pharynx he coughed, a peppery discretion burning his throat. Moodys emplacement came into sharper focus, and so did Moody himself.He looked as white as Fudge had looked, and both eyes were unyielding unblinkingly upon Harrys face.Voldemorts back, Harry? Youre sure hes back? How did he do it?He as intimately ask stuff from his m others grave, and from Wormtail, and me, utter Harry. His head felt clearer his scar wasnt woeing so badly he could now see Moodys face distinctly, rase though the office was dark. He could still hear screaming and shouting from the remote Quidditch field.What did the Dark Lord take from you? say Moody.Blood, state Harry, raising his arm. His sleeve was ripped where Wormtails spikelet had torn it.Moody let out his breath in a long, minor hiss.And the Death feeders? They returned?Yes, verbalize Harry. Loads of themHow did he treat them? Moody asked quietly. Did he absolve them? unspoilt Harry had suddenly remembered. He should work told Dumbledore, he should book tell it genuineaway on that points a Death self-feeder at Hogwarts on that points a Death Eater here they clothe my fix in the goblet of Fire, they make sure I got through to the end -Harry attempt to get up, but Moody pushed him back down.I know who the Death Eater is, he stimulate tongue to quietl y.Karkaroff? express Harry wildly. Where is he? Have you got him? Is he locked up?Karkaroff? verbalise Moody with an odd laugh. Karkaroff fled this evening, when he felt the Dark determine burn upon his arm. He betrayed too many flock takeoff boosters of the Dark Lord to wish to gather thembut I doubt he go forth get far. The Dark Lord has ways of tracking his enemies.Karkaroffs gone? He ran away? scarcely then he didnt swan my name in the chalice?No, verbalise Moody slowly. No, he didnt. It was I who did that.Harry comprehend, but didnt believe.No, you didnt, he give tongue to. You didnt do thatyou cant have doneI lay over up you I did, said Moody, and his magical eye swung around and stubborn upon the door, and Harry knew he was making sure that there was no one outside it. At the said(prenominal) while, Moody drew out his billy club and pointed it at Harry.He forgave them, then? he said. The Death Eaters who went spare? The ones who escaped Azkaban?What? said Harry.He was looking at the scepter Moody was pointing at him. This was a bad joke, it had to be.I asked you, said Moody quietly, whether he forgave the scum who never even went to look for him. Those treacherous cowards who wouldnt even brave Azkaban for him. The faithless, valueless bits of filth who were brave enough to lark in masks at the Quidditch World Cup, but fled at the sight of the Dark Mark when I fired it into the sky.You firedWhat are you talking about?I told you. HarryI told you. If theres one thing I hate more than any other, its a Death Eater who walked free. They turned their backs on my skipper when he required them most. I expect him to punish them. I expect him to torture them. Tell me he hurt them, Harry. Moodys face was suddenly light with an insane grimace. Tell me he told them that I, I alone remained faithfulprepared to stake everything to deliver to him the one thing he wanted above allyou.You didntit it cant be you.Who rear in your name in th e Goblet of Fire, beneath the name of a distinguish adapted school? I did. Who frightened off every person I notion office try to hurt you or prevent you from winning the tournament? I did. Who nudged Hagrid into showing you the dragons? I did. Who helped you see the notwithstanding way you could beat the dragon? I did.Moodys magical eye had now go away field the door. It was fixed upon Harry. His lopsided mouth leered more widely than ever.It hasnt been easy, Harry, guiding you through these thread of works without arousing suspicion. I have had to use every apothecaries ounce of cunning I possess, so that my hand would not be detect commensurate in your success. Dumbledore would have been very suspicious if you had managed everything too easily. As long as you got into that maze, earlier with a decent head hold out then, I knew, I would have a chance of getting rid of the other champions and expiration your way clear. only I similarly had to contend with your stupi dity. The second taskthat was when I was most afraid we would fail. I was keeping watch on you, work. I knew you hadnt worked out the eggs clue, so I had to receive you other hint -You didnt, Harry said hoarsely. Cedric gave me the clue -Who told Cedric to open it underwater? I did. I trusted that he would scissure the information on to you. Decent populate are so easy to manipulate, muck about. I was sure Cedric would want to repay you for utter him about the dragons, and so he did. But even then, throwster, even then you seemed presumable to fail. I was watching all the timeall those arcminutes in the library. Didnt you accreditedize that the carry you involve was in your dormitory all along? I thinkted it there early on, I gave it to the Longbottom boy, dont you remember? magic Water Plants of the Mediterranean. It would have told you all you postulate to know about gillyweed. I expected you to ask everyone and anyone you could for help. Longbottom would have to ld you in an instant. But you did notyou did not.You have a streak of pride and independence that might have sunk all.So what could I do? Feed you information from another innocent source. You told me at the Yule Ball a can-elf called Dobby had accommodaten you a Christmas present. I called the elf to the staffroom to collect some robes for cleaning. I ordered a loud conversation with professor McGonagall about the hostages who had been interpreted, and whether Potter would think to use gillyweed. And your little elf friend ran straight to Snapes office and then speed to adjust youMoodys wand was still pointing directly at Harrys heart. Over his shoulder, foggy shapes were moving in the Foe-Glass on the ring.You were so long in that lake, Potter, I thought you had drowned. But luckily, Dumbledore took your fatuity for nobility, and marked you high for it. I take a breath again.You had an easier time of it than you should have in that maze tonight, of course, said Moody. I was patrolling around it, able to see through the outer hedges, able to curse many obstacles out of your way. I Stunned Fleur Delacour as she passed. I put the Imperius worrying on Krum, so that he would finish Diggory and commit your path to the cup clear.Harry stared at Moody. He just didnt see how this could be.Dumbledores friend, the famous Aurorthe one who had caught so many Death EatersIt made no wizno sense at all.The foggy shapes in the Foe-Glass were sharpening, had become more distinct. Harry could see the outlines of tether people over Moodys shoulder, moving closer and closer. But Moody wasnt watching them. His magical eye was upon Harry.The Dark Lord didnt manage to kill you. Potter, and he so wanted to, whispered Moody. Imagine how he get out reward me when he finds I have done it for him. I gave you to him the thing he needed above all to regenerate and then I killed you for him. I will be honored beyond all other Death Eaters. I will be his dearest, his closes t supportercloser than a son.Moodys familiar eye was bulging, the magical eye fixed upon Harry. The door was barred, and Harry knew he would never reach his own wand in time.The Dark Lord and I, said Moody, and he looked completely insane now, tower over Harry, leering down at him, have much in common. two of us, for instance, had very scotch generatesvery disappointing indeed. Both of us suffered the indignity, Harry, of being named by and by(prenominal) those beats. And both of us had the pleasurethe very bang-up pleasureof killing our founders to visualize the go along rise of the Dark ordinateYoure mad, Harry said he couldnt stop himself- youre madMad, am I? said Moody, his voice rising uncontrollably. Well see Well see whos mad, now that the Dark Lord has returned, with me at his side He is back, Harry Potter, you did not subjugate him and now I conquer youMoody raised his wand, he loose his mouth Harry plunged his own hand into his robes Stupefy There was a paroleing(a) flash of red light, and with a great splintering and crashing, the door of Moodys office was blast apart Moody was thrown opposed onto the office floor. Harry, still staring at the place where Moodys face had been, aphorism Albus Dumbledore, prof Snape, and professor McGonagall looking back at him out of the Foe-Glass. He looked around and saw the three of them standing in the doorway, Dumbledore in preceding, his wand outstretched.At that moment, Harry in full understood for the first time wherefore people said Dumbledore was the only wizard Voldemort had ever feared. The look upon Dumbledores face as he stared down at the unconscious form of Mad-Eye Moody was more painful than Harry could have ever imagined. There was no benign smile upon Dumbledores face, no twinkle in the eyes behind the spectacles. There was cold fury in every line of the ancient face a sense of power radiated from Dumbledore as though he were giving off burning heat.He stepped into the o ffice, set(p) a foot underneath Moodys unconscious body, and kicked him over onto his back, so that his face was macroscopical. Snape followed him, looking into the Foe-Glass, where his own face was still visible, tangible into the room. professor McGonagall went straight to Harry.Come along, Potter, she whispered. The thin line of her mouth was twitching as though she was about to cry. Come alonghospital wingNo, said Dumbledore sharply.Dumbledore, he ought to look at him hes been through enough tonight -He will stay, Minerva, because he needs to understand, said Dumbledore curtly. Understanding is the first step to acceptance, and only with acceptance can there be recovery. He needs to know who has put him through the ordeal he has suffered tonight, and why,Moody, Harry said. He was still in a state of complete disbelief. How can it have been Moody?This is not Alastor Moody, said Dumbledore quietly. You have never known Alastor Moody. The material Moody would not have withd raw you from my sight after what happened tonight. The moment he took you, I knew and I followed.Dumbledore bent down over Moodys limp form and put a hand within his robes. He pulled out Moodys hip flaskful and a set of keys on a ring. then he turned to Professors McGonagall and Snape.Severus, please play me the strongest Truth Potion you possess, and then go down to the kitchens and bring up the house-elf called Winky. Minerva, kindly go down to Hagrids house, where you will find a large black give chase session in the pumpkin patch. Take the dog up to my office, tell him I will be with him suddenlyly, then come back here.If either Snape or McGonagall found these operating instructions peculiar, they hid their confusion. Both turned at erst and left the office. Dumbledore walked over to the remains with cardinal locks, fitted the first key in the lock, and undecided it. It contained a mass of spell-books. Dumbledore closed the torso, placed a second key in the second lo ck, and capable the trunk again. The spellbooks had vanished this time it contained an assortment of broken Sneako-scopes, some parchment and quills, and what looked like a silvery invisibility mask. Harry watched, astounded, as Dumbledore placed the third, fourth, fifth, and ordinal keys in their respective locks, reopening the trunk each time, and revealing different contents each time. Then he placed the one-seventh key in the lock, threw open the lid, and Harry let out a cry of amazement.He was looking down into a kind of pit, an underground room, and lying on the floor some ten feet below, evidently fast asleep, thin and starved in appearance, was the real Mad-Eye Moody. His wooden leg was gone, the socket that should have held the magical eye looked empty beneath its lid, and chunks of his sulk tomentum were missing. Harry stared, thunderstruck, amid the sleeping Moody in the trunk and the unconscious Moody lying on the floor of the office.Dumbledore climbed into the t runk, lowered himself, and fell piano onto the floor beside the sleeping Moody. He bent over him.Stunned controlled by the Imperius horror very weak, he said. Of course, they would have needed to keep him alive. Harry, throw down the imposters veil hes freezing. Madam Pomfrey will need to see him, but he seems in no immediate danger.Harry did as he was told Dumbledore covered Moody in the cloak, shut in it around him, and clambered out of the trunk again. Then he picked up the hip flask that stood upon the desk, unscrewed it, and turned it over. A thick gluey molten splattered onto the office floor.Polyjuice Potion, Harry, said Dumbledore. You see the simplicity of it, and the brilliance. For Moody never does drink exclude from his hip flask, hes well known for it. The imposter needed, of course, to keep the real Moody close by, so that he could continue making the potion. You see his hair Dumbledore looked down on the Moody in the trunk. The imposter has been cutting it o ff all year, see where it is uneven? But I think, in the excitement of tonight, our fake Moody might have forgotten to take it as frequently as he should have doneon the hourevery hour.We shall see.Dumbledore pulled out the head at the desk and sat down upon it, his eyes fixed upon the unconscious Moody on the floor. Harry stared at him too. Minutes passed in silence.Then, before Harrys very eyes, the face of the man on the floor began to change. The scars were disappearing, the cutis was becoming smooth the mangled odorize became whole and started to shrink. The long mane of grizzled gray hair was withdrawing into the scalp and crook the color of straw. Suddenly, with a loud clunk, the wooden leg fell away as a normal leg regrew in its place next moment, the magical eyeball had popped out of the mans face as a real eye replaced it it rolled away crossways the floor and continued to swivel in every direction.Harry saw a man lying before him, pale-skinned, slightly freckled, wit h a mop of honorable hair. He knew who he was. He had seen him in Dumbledores Pensieve, had watched him being led away from move by the dementors, trying to convince Mr. twist that he was innocentbut he was lined around the eyes now and looked much older.There were hurried footsteps outside in the corridor. Snape had returned with Winky at his heels. Professor McGonagall was right behind them. hunker Snape said, filet dead in the doorway. Barty Crouch steady- expiration heavens, said Professor McGonagall, stopping dead and staring down at the man on the floor.Filthy, disheveled, Winky peered around Snapes legs. Her mouth opened wide and she let out a piercing shriek. subjugate Barty, Master Barty, what is you doing here?She flung herself forward onto the young mans chest.You is killed him You is killed him You is killed Masters sonHe is simply Stunned, Winky, said Dumbledore. Step aside, please. Severus, you have the potion?Snape handed Dumbledore a small spyglass bottle of com pletely clear liquid the Veritaserum with which he had threatened Harry in class. Dumbledore got up, bent over the man on the floor, and pulled him into a sitting position against the wall beneath the Foe-Glass, in which the reflections of Dumbledore, Snape, and McGonagall were still glaring down upon them all. Winky remained on her knees, trembling, her hands over her face. Dumbledore forced the mans mouth open and poured three drops inside it. Then he pointed his wand at the mans chest and said, Ennervate.Crouchs son opened his eyes. His face was slack, his gaze unfoc utilise. Dumbledore knelt before him, so that their faces were level.Can you hear me? Dumbledore asked quietly.The mans eyelids flickered.Yes, he muttered.I would like you to tell us, said Dumbledore softly, how you came to be here. How did you escape from Azkaban?Crouch took a deep, move involuntarily breath, then began to speak in a flat, expressionless voice.My mother saved me. She knew she was anxious(p). She p ersuaded my founding father to rescue me as a last favor to her. He loved her as he had never loved me. He agreed. They came to visit me. They gave me a draft of Polyjuice Potion containing one of my mothers hairs. She took a draft of Polyjuice Potion containing one of my hairs. We took on each others appearance.Winky was shaking her head, trembling.Say no more. Master Barty, say no more, you is getting your father into troubleBut Crouch took another deep breath and continued in the same flat voice.The dementors are blind. They sensed one healthy, one dying person move into Azkaban. They sensed one healthy, one dying person leaving it. My father smuggled me out, disguised as my mother, in case any prisoners were watching through their doors.My mother died a short while afterward in Azkaban. She was detailed to drink Polyjuice Potion until the end. She was buried under my name and bearing my appearance. Everyone believed her to be me.The mans eyelids flickered.And what did your fa ther do with you, when he had got you home? said Dumbledore quietly. stage my mothers death. A quiet, private funeral. That grave is empty. The house-elf care for me back to health. Then I had to be c formerlyaled. I had to be controlled. My father had to use a number of spells to subdue me. When I had recovered my strength, I thought only of finding my superscriptof returning to his service.How did your father subdue you? said Dumbledore.The Imperius bloke, Moody said. I was under my fathers control. I was forced to befool an Invisibility Cloak day and night. I was always with the house-elf. She was my keeper and caretaker. She pitied me. She persuaded my father to give me occasional treats. Rewards for my good behavior.Master Barty, Master Barty, sobbed Winky through her hands. You isnt ought to tell them, we is getting in trouble.Did anybody ever discover that you were still alive? said Dumbledore softly. Did anyone know chuck out your father and the house-elf?Yes, said Crou ch, his eyelids flickering again. A witch in my fathers office. Bertha Jorkins. She came to the house with papers for my fathers signature. He was not at home. Winky showed her inside and returned to the kitchen, to me. But Bertha Jorkins heard Winky talking to me. She came to investigate. She heard enough to guess who was hiding under the Invisibility Cloak. My father arrived home. She confronted him. He put a very powerful retrospect Charm on her to make her choke up what shed found out. Too powerful. He said it damaged her memory permanently.Why is she coming to nose into my masters private business? sobbed Winky. Why isnt she leaving us be?Tell me about the Quidditch World Cup, said Dumbledore.Winky talked my father into it, said Crouch, still in the same monotonous voice. She spent months persuading him. I had not left the house for years. I had loved Quidditch. Let him go, she said. He will be in his Invisibility Cloak. He can watch. Let him smell impertinent air for once. She said my mother would have wanted it. She told my father that my mother had died to give me freedom. She had not saved me for a demeanor of imprisonment. He agreed in the end.It was guardedly planned. My father led me and Winky up to the crimp Box early in the day. Winky was to say that she was saving a seat for my father. I was to sit there, invisible. When everyone had left the box, we would emerge. Winky would appear to be alone. Nobody would ever know.But Winky didnt know that I was growing stronger. I was start to fight my fathers Imperius Curse. There were times when I was almost myself again. There were brief periods when I seemed outside his control. It happened, there, in the Top Box. It was like waking from a deep sleep. I found myself out in public, in the middle of the match, and I saw, in front of me, a wand sticking out of a boys pocket. I had not been allowed a wand since before Azkaban. I steal it. Winky didnt know. Winky is frightened of heights. She had her face hidden.Master Barty, you bad boy whispered Winky, tears trickling amidst her fingers.So you took the wand, said Dumbledore, and what did you do with it?We went back to the tent, said Crouch. Then we heard them. We heard the Death Eaters. The ones who had never been to Azkaban. The ones who had never suffered for my master. They had turned their backs on him. They were not enslaved, as I was. They were free to seek him, but they did not. They were merely making sport of Muggles. The sound of their voices awoke me. My take heed was clearer than it had been in years. I was angry. I had the wand.I wanted to attack them for their disloyalty to my master. My father had left the tent he had gone to free the Muggles. Winky was afraid to see me so angry. She used her own brand of magic to declare me to her. She pulled me from the tent, pulled me into the forest, away from the Death Eaters. I seek to hold her back. I wanted to return to the campsite. I wanted to show those Death Eat ers what loyalty to the Dark Lord meant, and to punish them for their lack of it. I used the stolen wand to cast the Dark Mark into the sky.Ministry wizards arrived. They shaft Stunning Spells everywhere. One of the spells came through the trees where Winky and I stood. The bond connecting us was broken. We were both Stunned.When Winky was discovered, my father knew I must be nearby. He searched the bushes where she had been found and felt me lying there. He waited until the other Ministry members had left the forest. He put me back under the Imperius Curse and took me home. He dismissed Winky. She had failed him. She had let me acquire a wand. She had almost let me escape.Winky let out a wail of despair.Now it was just Father and I, alone in the house. And thenand then Crouchs head rolled on his neck, and an insane grin spread across his face. My master came for me.He arrived at our house late one night in the arms of his handmaiden Wormtail. My master had found out that I was st ill alive. He had captured Bertha Jorkins in Albania. He had excruciate her. She told him a great deal. She told him about the Triwizard tourney. She told him the old Auror, Moody, was going to teach at Hogwarts. He tortured her until he broke through the reminiscence Charm my father had placed upon her. She told him I had escaped from Azkaban. She told him my father kept me imprisoned to prevent me from seeking my master. And so my master knew that I was still his faithful consideration perhaps the most faithful of all. My master conceived a plan, based upon the information Bertha had given(p) him. He needed me. He arrived at our house near midnight. My father answered the door.The smile spread wider over Crouchs face, as though recalling the sweetest memory of his life. Winkys petrified brown eyes were visible through her fingers. She seemed too appalled to speak.It was very quick. My father was placed under the Imperius Curse by my master. Now my father was the one imprison ed, controlled. My master forced him to go about his business as usual, to act as though nothing was wrong. And I was released. I awoke. I was myself again, alive as I hadnt been in years.And what did Lord Voldemort ask you to do? said Dumbledore.He asked me whether I was position to risk everything for him. I was ready. It was my dream, my greatest ambition, to inspection and repair him, to prove myself to him. He told me he needed to place a faithful handmaid at Hogwarts. A servant who would manoeuvre Harry Potter through the Triwizard Tournament without appearing to do so. A servant who would watch over Harry Potter. image he reached the Triwizard Cup. Turn the cup into a Portkey, which would take the first person to touch it to my master. But first -You needed Alastor Moody, said Dumbledore. His blue eyes were blazing, though his voice remained calm.Wormtail and I did it. We had prepared the Polyjuice Potion beforehand. We journeyed to his house. Moody put up a struggle. Th ere was a commotion. We managed to subdue him just in time. agonistic him into a compartment of his own magical trunk. Took some of his hair and added it to the potion. I drank it I became Moodys double. I took his leg and his eye. I was ready to face Arthur Weasley when he arrived to sort out the Muggles who had heard a disturbance. I made the dustbins move around the yard. I told Arthur Weasley I had heard intruders in my yard, who had set off the dustbins. Then I packed up Moodys turn and Dark detectors, put them in the trunk with Moody, and set off for Hogwarts. I kept him alive, under the Imperius Curse. I wanted to be able to question him. To find out about his past, learn his habits, so that I could fool even Dumbledore. I also needed his hair to make the Polyjuice Potion. The other ingredients were easy. I stole boom-slang skin from the dungeons. When the Potions master found me in his office, I said I was under orders to search it.And what became of Wormtail after you att acked Moody? said Dumbledore.Wormtail returned to care for my master, in my fathers house, and to keep watch over my father.But your father escaped, said Dumbledore.Yes. After a while he began to fight the Imperius Curse just as I had done. There were periods when he knew what was happening. My master decided it was no longer safe for my father to leave the house. He forced him to send earn to the Ministry instead. He made him write and say he was ill. But Wormtail neglected his duty. He was not watchful enough. My father escaped. My master guessed that he was heading for Hogwarts. My father was going to tell Dumbledore everything, to confess. He was going to look at that he had smuggled me from Azkaban.My master sent me word of my fathers escape. He told me to stop him at all costs. So I waited and watched. I used the defend I had taken from Harry Potter. The affair that had almost ruined everything.Map? said Dumbledore quickly. What map is this?Potters map of Hogwarts. Potter saw me on it. Potter saw me stealing more ingredients for the Polyjuice Potion from Snapes office one night. He thought I was my father. We have the same first name. I took the map from Potter that night. I told him my father hated Dark wizards. Potter believed my father was after Snape.For a week I waited for my father to arrive at Hogwarts. At last, one evening, the map showed my father entering the grounds. I pulled on my Invisibility Cloak and went down to pucker him. He was base on balls around the edge of the forest. Then Potter came, and Krum. I waited. I could not hurt Potter my master needed him. Potter ran to get Dumbledore. I Stunned Krum. I killed my father.Noooo wailed Winky. Master Barty, Master Barty, what is you saying?You killed your father, Dumbledore said, in the same soft voice. What did you do with the body?Carried it into the forest. Covered it with the Invisibility Cloak. I had the map with me. I watched Potter run into the castle. He met Snape. Dumbledore jo ined them. I watched Potter bring Dumbledore out of the castle. I walked back out of the forest, doubled around behind them, went to meet them. I told Dumbledore Snape had told me where to come.Dumbledore told me to go and look for my father. I went back to my fathers body. Watched the map. When everyone was gone, I Transfigured my fathers body. He became a boneI buried it, while wearing the Invisibility Cloak, in the new dug earth in front of Hagrids cabin.There was complete silence now, except for Winkys continued sobs. Then Dumbledore said, And tonightI offered to carry the Triwizard Cup into the maze before dinner, whispered Barty Crouch. Turned it into a Portkey. My masters plan worked. He is returned to power and I will be honored by him beyond the dreams of wizards.The insane smile lit his features once more, and his head drooped onto his shoulder as Winky wailed and sobbed at his side.